MINE DETAILS
ORCHARD BRANCH OWL MINE
MSHA MINE ID1519860
LOCATION
Mine location
1 of 1 mine with usable MSHA coordinates. Select a marker to open a mine.
Mine coordinates
- ORCHARD BRANCH OWL MINE36.98361, -82.93861Open map ↗
Quarterly trends
2025 Q1 – 2026 Q4
Database snapshot · 2026-10-13. MSHA quarterly production and employment reports.
Coal production
384,440reported short tons
Hours worked
211,972reported employee hours
Tons per hour
1.81production ÷ hours worked
Missing values appear as —. Totals use available reports. Tons per hour requires production and hours for the same quarters and a nonzero hours total. * Striped bars mark partial mine coverage or an incomplete quarter. See the table for coverage.
Quarterly data and reporting coverage
| Quarter | Coal (short tons) | Hours worked | Tons / hour | Avg. employees | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 Q1 | 82,407 | 49,492 | 1.67 | 89 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2025 Q2 | 54,490 | 27,887 | 1.95 | 55 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2025 Q3 | 71,253 | 31,391 | 2.27 | 53 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2025 Q4 | 54,751 | 32,798 | 1.67 | 52 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2026 Q1 | 62,038 | 34,657 | 1.79 | 55 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2026 Q2 | 59,501 | 35,747 | 1.66 | 58 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2026 Q3 | — | — | — | — | No report |
| 2026 Q4 | — | — | — | — | No report |
Safety and enforcement
2025-01-01 – 2026-10-13
Violations
645 significant & substantial (S&S)
Accident records
50 records classified as fatality
Proposed penalties · USD
12,199.0058 of 64 violations with amounts
On-site inspection hours
1,216.2519 inspections · 19 with hours
Counts are published records, including contractor records. * The quarter was incomplete at the snapshot date; recent counts may rise as reports arrive. — means no reported amount or hours. Portfolio totals use current membership.
Quarterly safety data
| Quarter | Violations | S&S | Proposed USD | Accident records | Fatality records | Inspections | On-site hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-Q1 | 13 | 1 | 2,531.00 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 217.5 |
| 2025-Q2 | 5 | 0 | 755.00 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 116.0 |
| 2025-Q3 | 7 | 0 | 1,071.00 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 144.5 |
| 2025-Q4 | 14 | 0 | 2,180.00 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 167.3 |
| 2026-Q1 | 13 | 2 | 3,174.00 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 168.0 |
| 2026-Q2 | 7 | 2 | 2,186.00 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 233.5 |
| 2026-Q3 | 5 | 0 | 302.00 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 146.5 |
| 2026-Q4 * | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 23.0 |
Most cited CFR sections
All violations issued in the selected period. Counts combine subsections.
Safety activity
Regular Safety and Health Inspection · 23.0 on-site hours
Spot Inspection · 5.8 on-site hours
75.380(d)(7)(iv)
75.1909(a)(8)
75.333(b)(1)
75.1103-4(b) · $151.00 proposed
75.701 · $151.00 proposed
Regular Safety and Health Inspection · 140.8 on-site hours
HANDLING OF MATERIALS · DAYS AWAY FROM WORK ONLY
Accident narrative
Employee was dropping bolt machine cable. The employee unhooked one side of the nylon hanger to let the cable drop. The weight of the cable spun the hanger around. The metal hook (on the hanger) hooked into the frame of safety glasses and the hook slid up the face cutting the bottom eyelid. It took 6-8 stitches to close the wound.
75.1722(a) · S&S · $366.00 proposed
75.1722(c) · $151.00 proposed
75.380(d)(1) · $151.00 proposed
75.1725(c) · S&S · $818.00 proposed
77.1606(c) · $549.00 proposed
41.30 · $151.00 proposed
Non-Injury Accident Investigation · 57.0 on-site hours
Regular Safety and Health Inspection · 176.5 on-site hours
Description not reported
HANDLING OF MATERIALS · NO DYS AWY FRM WRK,NO RSTR ACT
Accident narrative
Employee was setting conveyor tail piece and was placing a crib block under the leg of the tail piece when the tail piece shifted and pinched the employees left thumb. The injury required 3 stitches to close wound.
Spot Inspection · 4.5 on-site hours
POWERED HAULAGE · DAYS AWAY FROM WORK ONLY
Accident narrative
Employee was traveling down decline from the portals to the shop area of the underground mine when a mechanical failure occurred in the rear end of the battery personnel carrier EE was operating, which caused excessive speed before overturning the battery powered personnel carrier.
Non-Fatal Accident Investigation · 20.0 on-site hours
Description not reported
77.1104 · $151.00 proposed
75.1714-3(a) · $151.00 proposed
Safety sources and definitions
MSHA Violations (issue date), Accidents (accident date), and Inspections (begin date). Snapshot 2026-10-13.
Counts describe published rows, including contractor records; accident records are not distinct incidents or numbers of people injured.
Zero means no matching records in the imported sources, not proof of no events. Historical coverage differs by source; absence before a source begins reporting is not a zero incident rate. Invalid or absent dates and records after the snapshot are excluded.
S&S means SIG_SUB=Y. Fatality records use DEGREE_INJURY_CD=01. Proposed penalties are not final assessed or paid amounts; missing dollar values are omitted.
Inspection hours are SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS attributed to the inspection start date, without supervisor/trainee hours. Missing hours are omitted; a started inspection may still be open.
Portfolio totals use current mine membership, including events before the current owner or operator's tenure.
CFR headings link to the current Title 30 index; they are not historical legal determinations.
EIA-923 · COAL RECEIPTS
Coal shipments and quality
Receipts reported by power plants and terminals, matched by MSHA mine ID.
No receipts matched this mine in the selected period. EIA-923 does not cover all mine sales, exports or metallurgical coal shipments.
Delivered cost includes transport and is not mine revenue. Missing prices remain blank. * Fewer than three months are published in the selected quarter. Receipts reflect the months EIA has published; an unfinished quarter is not comparable with a full quarter. Portfolio matches use current ownership.
Coverage, sources and calculations
- Reported coal receipts at EIA-923 power plants/terminals; this is not a census of mine shipments, exports or metallurgical sales.
- Matches use only the published MSHA ID, normalized to seven digits. Unidentified mine origins remain in the source table but are not assigned to a mine.
- Portfolio attribution uses current MSHA ownership, not ownership at the shipment date. Receipts and production can differ because of timing, stocks and coverage.
- Quality means are weighted by positive reported tons with that measurement. Delivered cost uses only rows with published cost, positive heat and positive tons; missing/withheld costs are never zero-filled.
- USD/ton = (cents/MMBtu ÷ 100) × MMBtu/ton. This is plant delivered cost, not mine sales price or revenue.
- Receipt month is as published, including records supplied by annual respondents. Recent months are preliminary and subject to revision. Missing rows do not prove zero shipments.
Imported releases start 2008-01. This window includes 12 published months. EIA releases · Survey instructions
- 2026 · preliminary · EIA923_Schedules_2_3_4_5_M_07_2026_21SEP2026.xlsx · Page 5 Fuel Receipts and Costs
- 2025 · final · EIA923_Schedules_2_3_4_5_M_12_2025_Final.xlsx · Page 5 Fuel Receipts and Costs
EIA ANNUAL COAL REPORT · 2024
Coal prices and estimated revenue
Annual county prices and a production-based allocation of county coal sales.
The estimate assumes each eligible mine receives its county-average price and shares county sales in proportion to production. Actual sales and prices can differ substantially. All producing annual records in this selection have estimates. Annual price data uses a separate window from the MSHA charts.
| Mine / county | Annual production · tons | County FOB · USD/ton | Est. sales · tons | Est. coal revenue · USD | Basis / availability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orchard Branch Owl Mine1519860 · Harlan, Kentucky | 232,575 | 91.75 | 233,381 | 21,412,704 | County allocation estimate10.24% of eligible county production13 eligible mines / 13 sales respondents |
Method, assumptions and source records
- This is an annual county-sales allocation, not reported mine or company revenue. Currency is nominal USD in the source year; quantities are short tons.
- Mine share = same-year annual mine production / eligible same-county production. Estimated sales = published county sales × share. Estimated coal revenue = estimated sales × published county average FOB price.
- The model assumes eligible mines share county sales in proportion to production and receive the county-average price. Matching mine counts is a check, not proof of identical respondents. Mine quality, contracts and sales timing can differ substantially. No statistical confidence interval is implied.
- FOB excludes transport and insurance. EIA-923 delivered costs do not enter this model. No grade premium, state/national fallback, quarterly apportionment or carry-forward to a later year is applied.
- Eligibility follows the source's production threshold and excludes preparation-only and refuse operations. Withheld values, inconsistent county counts and missing/ambiguous locations produce no estimate.
- County sales are published in thousands of tons and prices to cents. Calculations retain precision, but the inputs are rounded and the allocation is approximate.
- Portfolio attribution uses current MSHA ownership, not ownership during the sales year. Covered-mine sums exclude unavailable estimates and must not be read as whole-company revenue. Coverage denominators use the annual EIA mine-production release.
Sales-reporting threshold: 50,000 short tons per mine in 2024. Withheld sales or prices stay unavailable.
EIA Table 30 · county sales and FOB prices · EIA annual mine production · Release index
Annual report released November 19, 2025. Method: county-sales-allocation-v1. JSON and CSV preserve source row numbers and file checksums.
OWNERSHIP
Operator and controller history
Current ownership comes from MSHA Mines. Historical start and end dates come from MSHA Controller and Operator History.
—
Javelin Global Commodities (UK) LtdcontrolsBluegrass Natural Resources, LLCoperatesORCHARD BRANCH OWL MINE
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 1519860—
Jack Stump et alcontrolsKENTUCKY GEM INC.operatesORCHARD BRANCH OWL MINE
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 1519860—
Michael Runyon et alcontrolsKENTUCKY GEM INC.operatesORCHARD BRANCH OWL MINE
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 1519860—
Industrial Minerals Group LLCcontrolsINMET Mining, LLC.operatesORCHARD BRANCH OWL MINE
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 1519860—
Jeffery A HoopscontrolsBlackjewel, LLCoperatesORCHARD BRANCH OWL MINE
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 1519860Other historical summaries · source-specific periods
RECORD SUMMARY
Production, safety and enforcement
These summaries use the periods stated on each card, independently of the reporting period above.
01 / SAFETYwatch
Accidents and injuries
12 historical accident/injury rows; 0 coded fatalities and 238 lost days across the published record.
ACCIDENT + INJURY RECORD12 since 2021
accidentsmine-production-quarterly02 / COMPLIANCEwatch
Violations and penalties
200 violation rows across the full record; 39 carry an S&S flag and $65,685 appears in current assessed amounts.
ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY200 since 2021
inspectionsviolationsassessed-violationsorders-107a03 / HEALTHwatch
Occupational health samples
1,107 coal dust; 40 coal quartz; 132 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 17 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE1K samples
coal-dust-samplesquartz-samplesnoise-samples04 / PRODUCTIONcontext
Quarterly production and employment
36K employee hours and 58 summed average employees across reported subunits in the latest published quarter.
2026-Q260K tons
mine-production-quarterlymine-production-yearly05 / LEGALwatch
Contests, conferences and decisions
2 contested-violation rows, 2 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 0 conference records linked by issuance number.
POST-ISSUANCE LIFECYCLE4 linked rows
conferencescontested-violationscivil-penalty-dockets-decisions06 / CONTRACTORScontext
Contractors
Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
ENTITY-LEVEL CONTEXT3 linked entities
contractor-production-quarterlycontractor-production-yearlyaccidentsviolations07 / INSPECTIONScontext
Inspections
52 inspection events and 4K published inspection hours across the historical record.
OVERSIGHT COVERAGE47 since 2021
inspectionsviolationsHEALTH SAMPLING
Silica and quartz
Coal quartz, metal/nonmetal personal samples and area samples. Snapshot Oct 13, 2026. 40 silica records across the mine’s published history.
Coal quartz concentration
Quarterly mean · µg/m³ · not-voided samples
— No eligible measurements. * Quarter in progress. Means describe the available samples, not average exposure across the mine.
Quartz % is the sample’s quartz content; µg/m³ is its reported concentration. Personal C/E is the ratio to the limit published with that sample. Personal and area concentration units and void status are not specified in those source files.
| Date / sample | Dataset / analyte | Occupation / area | Measurement | Sample status | Published action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 58544165 / lab 2026037856 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 5 µg/m³3.1% quartz | VoidedINVALID SAMPLE TYPE | Not reported |
| 58544338 / lab 2026032764 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 0 µg/m³—% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58542002 / lab 2026020562 | Coal quartzQuartz | CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATORDESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 2 µg/m³1.8% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58541999 / lab 2026020565 | Coal quartzQuartz | OCCUPATION CODE NOT FOUNDDESIGNATED AREA | 9 µg/m³1.4% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58549145 / lab 2026003326 | Coal quartzQuartz | CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATORDESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 10 µg/m³4.1% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58548893 / lab 2026003325 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 8 µg/m³4.5% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58549190 / lab 2026003332 | Coal quartzQuartz | SHUTTLE CAR OPERATOR (STANDARD SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 5 µg/m³3.4% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58548894 / lab 2026003327 | Coal quartzQuartz | SHUTTLE CAR OPERATOR (STANDARD SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 8 µg/m³4% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
Sources and interpretation
- Coal means use numeric concentrations from samples marked not voided, excluding control/invalid sample types and dates after the snapshot. Missing values remain null; reported zeroes remain zero.
- Quarterly means describe available samples, not mine-wide or worker-average exposure. Quarters with no eligible measurements remain empty; the current quarter is partial.
- Personal C/E is MSHA's published concentration-to-limit ratio. A value above 1 is not by itself a citation or a determination under the 2024 silica rule. Personal and area files do not publish a void-status field.
- Area records include bulk-dust analyses and are kept separate from personal exposure results. Their concentration units are not specified in the source dictionary.
- Missing samples do not establish safe conditions. Coal quartz percentage and concentration are separate measures. No compliance threshold is inferred for coal samples.
Coal quartz field definitions ↗Metal/nonmetal personal field definitions ↗Metal/nonmetal area field definitions ↗
EIA + TITLE 30
EIA production and cited regulations
EIA annual figures are reported separately from MSHA. Regulation links use the current eCFR snapshot.
ANNUAL COAL PRODUCTION232,575short tons
- LABOR HOURS
- 149,808
- AVG EMPLOYEES
- 68
- SUPPLY REGION
- Appalachia Central
- UNION
- No union code published
- OPERATION
- Mine only
- COMPANY TYPE
- Independent Producer Operator
1 published EIA row aggregated under this MSHA ID. Components remain available in JSON.
30 CFR 75.380Escapeways; bituminous and lignite mines.2 recent rows ↗30 CFR 75.1909Nonpermissible diesel-powered equipment; design and performance requirements.1 recent row ↗30 CFR 75.333Ventilation controls.1 recent row ↗30 CFR 75.1103-4Automatic fire sensor and warning device systems; installation; minimum requirements.1 recent row ↗30 CFR 75.701Grounding metallic frames, casings, and other enclosures of electric equipment.1 recent row ↗30 CFR 75.1722Mechanical equipment guards.2 recent rows ↗30 CFR 75.1725Machinery and equipment; operation and maintenance.1 recent row ↗30 CFR 77.1606Loading and haulage equipment; inspection and maintenance.1 recent row ↗
RECENT PUBLIC RECORDS
Recent violations and samples
Latest records retained for inspection; aggregates above use the full source history.
508525875.380(d)(7)(iv)Citation
508552175.1909(a)(8)Citation
508552075.333(b)(1)Citation
508620275.1103-4(b)Citation
508620175.701Citation
508045775.1722(a)S&S
977261375.1722(c)Citation
977261275.380(d)(1)Citation
Coal dust, noise and other contaminants. Silica records above ↑
Coal dustROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)
.496 mg/m³Not voided
Coal dustROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)
.224 mg/m³Not voided
Coal dustROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)
.152 mg/m³Not voided
Coal dustROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)
.221 mg/m³Not voided
Coal dustROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)
.339 mg/m³Not voided
Coal dustROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)
.513 mg/m³Not voided
Coal dustCONTINUOUS MINER OPERATOR
.731 mg/m³Voided · EXCESS SAMPLE
Coal dustCONTINUOUS MINER OPERATOR
.219 mg/m³Not voided
SOURCE COVERAGE
Reporting dates and coverage
16 datasets contain linked records. Missing datasets are listed below.
DATASETROWSWINDOWSTATUS
Accident, Injuries, and Illnessessafety · contractors12Dec 31, 2023—Jul 9, 2026mine-keyed
Addresses of Recordidentity · logistics1Apr 4, 2025—Apr 4, 2025mine-keyed
Assessed Violationscompliance · legal191Apr 12, 2023—Aug 11, 2026mine-keyed
Civil Penalty Dockets and Decisionscompliance · legal2Not published—Not publishedmine-keyed
Coal Dust Sampleshealth · safety1,107May 29, 2023—Sep 30, 2026mine-keyed
Conferencescompliance · legal—No published rowsabsent / not applicable
Contested Violationscompliance · legal2Jan 29, 2026—Jan 29, 2026mine-keyed
Contractor Employment and Production — Quarterlycontractors · production · safety359Not published—Not publishedentity-linked
Contractor Employment and Production — Yearlycontractors · production · safety114Not published—Not publishedentity-linked
Controller and Operator Historyidentity · compliance5May 28, 2019—Feb 12, 2024mine-keyed
Mine Employment and Production — Quarterlyproduction · safety · compliance50Not published—Not publishedmine-keyed
Mine Employment and Production — Yearlyproduction · safety · compliance8Not published—Not publishedmine-keyed
Inspectionssafety · compliance52Jul 9, 2019—Oct 1, 2026mine-keyed
Minesidentity · production · logistics1Not published—Not publishedmine-keyed
Metal and Nonmetal Area Sampleshealth · safety—No published rowsabsent / not applicable
Metal and Nonmetal Personal Health Sampleshealth · safety—No published rowsabsent / not applicable
Noise Sampleshealth · safety · equipment132Jun 9, 2023—Sep 10, 2026mine-keyed
Quartz Samples — Coalhealth · safety40Jun 9, 2023—Sep 10, 2026mine-keyed
Violationscompliance · safety · legal200Apr 12, 2023—Sep 8, 2026mine-keyed
107(a) Orders Issuedsafety · compliance—No published rowsabsent / not applicable
NOTES
Limitations
- Contractor production is entity-level and is never represented as mine-attributable.
- Missing rows can mean no event, publication delay, identity mismatch, or inapplicability.