MINE DETAILS
Marion County Mine
LOCATION
Mine location
1 of 1 mine with usable MSHA coordinates. Select a marker to open a mine.
Mine coordinates
- Marion County Mine39.60833, -80.29139Open map ↗
Quarterly trends
2025 Q1 – 2026 Q4
Database snapshot · 2026-10-13. MSHA quarterly production and employment reports.
Coal production
10,664,512reported short tons
Hours worked
1,926,403reported employee hours
Tons per hour
5.54production ÷ hours worked
Missing values appear as —. Totals use available reports. Tons per hour requires production and hours for the same quarters and a nonzero hours total. * Striped bars mark partial mine coverage or an incomplete quarter. See the table for coverage.
Quarterly data and reporting coverage
| Quarter | Coal (short tons) | Hours worked | Tons / hour | Avg. employees | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 Q1 | 2,107,006 | 316,474 | 6.66 | 532 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2025 Q2 | 1,387,212 | 316,551 | 4.38 | 533 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2025 Q3 | 1,825,651 | 327,078 | 5.58 | 527 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2025 Q4 | 1,751,590 | 316,954 | 5.53 | 530 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2026 Q1 | 1,952,672 | 316,662 | 6.17 | 523 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2026 Q2 | 1,640,381 | 332,684 | 4.93 | 531 | 1/1 mines reporting |
| 2026 Q3 | — | — | — | — | No report |
| 2026 Q4 | — | — | — | — | No report |
Safety and enforcement
2025-01-01 – 2026-10-13
Violations
956171 significant & substantial (S&S)
Accident records
1480 records classified as fatality
Proposed penalties · USD
860,382.00883 of 956 violations with amounts
On-site inspection hours
6,567.50266 inspections · 266 with hours
Counts are published records, including contractor records. * The quarter was incomplete at the snapshot date; recent counts may rise as reports arrive. — means no reported amount or hours. Portfolio totals use current membership.
Quarterly safety data
| Quarter | Violations | S&S | Proposed USD | Accident records | Fatality records | Inspections | On-site hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-Q1 | 82 | 10 | 45,662.00 | 8 | 0 | 32 | 838.0 |
| 2025-Q2 | 117 | 8 | 70,934.00 | 18 | 0 | 33 | 952.5 |
| 2025-Q3 | 194 | 37 | 183,646.00 | 33 | 0 | 45 | 1,063.3 |
| 2025-Q4 | 127 | 20 | 89,798.00 | 21 | 0 | 32 | 884.0 |
| 2026-Q1 | 103 | 22 | 88,610.00 | 18 | 0 | 32 | 917.0 |
| 2026-Q2 | 123 | 27 | 224,139.00 | 13 | 0 | 30 | 862.8 |
| 2026-Q3 | 206 | 47 | 157,593.00 | 37 | 0 | 56 | 1,021.0 |
| 2026-Q4 * | 4 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 | 6 | 29.0 |
Most cited CFR sections
All violations issued in the selected period. Counts combine subsections.
Safety activity
Shaft, Slope or Major Construction Spot Inspection · 4.0 on-site hours
103(i) Spot Inspections · 0.0 on-site hours
Electrical Technical Investigation · 7.0 on-site hours
75.342(a)(4)
75.380(d)(7)(vii)(A)
75.380(d)(7)(vi)
Roof Control Technical Investigation · 10.0 on-site hours
103(i) Spot Inspections · 8.0 on-site hours
Regular Safety and Health Inspection · 0.0 on-site hours
75.202(a)
75.1403-6(b)(3)
75.400
75.206(e)
75.333(d)(3)
103 (g) Written Notification Hazard Complaint Inspectio · 1.5 on-site hours
103(i) Spot Inspections · 9.0 on-site hours
75.1722(b)
75.1106-3(a)(2)
75.1403 · S&S
77.1104
77.410(c) · S&S
75.1403
75.1101-10 · S&S
75.1101-10 · S&S
75.1101-10 · S&S
Safety sources and definitions
MSHA Violations (issue date), Accidents (accident date), and Inspections (begin date). Snapshot 2026-10-13.
Counts describe published rows, including contractor records; accident records are not distinct incidents or numbers of people injured.
Zero means no matching records in the imported sources, not proof of no events. Historical coverage differs by source; absence before a source begins reporting is not a zero incident rate. Invalid or absent dates and records after the snapshot are excluded.
S&S means SIG_SUB=Y. Fatality records use DEGREE_INJURY_CD=01. Proposed penalties are not final assessed or paid amounts; missing dollar values are omitted.
Inspection hours are SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS attributed to the inspection start date, without supervisor/trainee hours. Missing hours are omitted; a started inspection may still be open.
Portfolio totals use current mine membership, including events before the current owner or operator's tenure.
CFR headings link to the current Title 30 index; they are not historical legal determinations.
EIA-923 · COAL RECEIPTS
Coal shipments and quality
Receipts reported by power plants and terminals, matched by MSHA mine ID.
Quarterly receipts and quality
| Quarter | Short tons | Heat · Btu/lb | Sulfur % | Ash % | Delivered USD/ton | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-Q3 * | 493,674 | 13,197 | 3.18 | 7.83 | 71.53 | |
| 2025-Q4 | 448,205 | 13,285 | 2.72 | 7.97 | 76.38 | |
| 2026-Q1 | 526,077 | 13,192 | 2.60 | 8.06 | 77.70 | |
| 2026-Q2 | 685,369 | 13,109 | 3.02 | 8.10 | 79.72 | |
| 2026-Q3 * | 114,305 | 13,133 | 3.27 | 7.98 | 89.57 |
| Month / source | Receiving plant / supplier | Short tons | Delivered USD/ton | Heat · Btu/lb | Sulfur % | Ash % | Purchase | Transport |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-07EIA row 11412 · preliminary | Brandon Shores602 · MD · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 52,786 | —Not published | 13,135 | 3.17 | 7.90 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-07EIA row 11724 · preliminary | Roxboro2712 · NC · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 12,444 | 98.75 | 13,195 | 3.32 | 8.00 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-07EIA row 11925 · preliminary | John E Amos3935 · WV · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 15,313 | 74.66 | 12,975 | 3.80 | 8.76 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-07EIA row 12192 · preliminary | Mayo6250 · NC · ACNR INC | 12,449 | 98.73 | 13,429 | 2.73 | 7.80 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-07EIA row 13112 · preliminary | Longview Power Plant56671 · WV · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 21,313 | —Not published | 13,035 | 3.44 | 7.70 | ContractBIT | River / Truck |
| 2026-06EIA row 9515 · preliminary | Brandon Shores602 · MD · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 76,664 | —Not published | 13,175 | 3.40 | 8.20 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-06EIA row 9833 · preliminary | Roxboro2712 · NC · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 12,445 | 100.62 | 13,163 | 3.41 | 8.60 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-06EIA row 10029 · preliminary | John E Amos3935 · WV · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 15,142 | 77.82 | 13,270 | 3.62 | 7.96 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-06EIA row 10285 · preliminary | Mayo6250 · NC · ACNR INC | 12,445 | 93.64 | 13,063 | 3.35 | 8.60 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-06EIA row 11159 · preliminary | Longview Power Plant56671 · WV · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 77,408 | —Not published | 13,005 | 3.42 | 8.00 | ContractBIT | River / Truck |
| 2026-05EIA row 7711 · preliminary | Brandon Shores602 · MD · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 70,625 | —Not published | 13,070 | 3.14 | 9.10 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-05EIA row 7916 · preliminary | Monroe (MI)1733 · MI · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 15,706 | 71.72 | 13,276 | 2.71 | 8.60 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-05EIA row 7924 · preliminary | Monroe (MI)1733 · MI · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 15,253 | 81.19 | 13,190 | 2.54 | 7.60 | ContractBIT | Rail / Great Lakes |
| 2026-05EIA row 7925 · preliminary | Monroe (MI)1733 · MI · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 10,733 | 72.53 | 13,102 | 2.95 | 7.60 | ContractBIT | Rail / Great Lakes |
| 2026-05EIA row 8189 · preliminary | John E Amos3935 · WV · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 15,352 | 80.51 | 13,070 | 3.22 | 8.18 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-05EIA row 8421 · preliminary | Mayo6250 · NC · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 12,445 | 93.63 | 13,364 | 2.62 | 8.40 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-05EIA row 9250 · preliminary | Longview Power Plant56671 · WV · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 52,265 | —Not published | 12,930 | 3.27 | 8.60 | ContractBIT | River / Truck |
| 2026-04EIA row 5898 · preliminary | Brandon Shores602 · MD · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 76,933 | —Not published | 13,170 | 2.77 | 7.80 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-04EIA row 6086 · preliminary | Monroe (MI)1733 · MI · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 31,320 | 69.89 | 13,147 | 2.81 | 7.90 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-04EIA row 6087 · preliminary | Monroe (MI)1733 · MI · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 31,316 | 61.84 | 13,118 | 2.72 | 7.90 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-04EIA row 6096 · preliminary | Monroe (MI)1733 · MI · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 4,459 | 71.35 | 13,102 | 2.95 | 7.60 | ContractBIT | Rail / Great Lakes |
| 2026-04EIA row 6170 · preliminary | Roxboro2712 · NC · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 37,333 | 88.96 | 13,156 | 2.75 | 7.90 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-04EIA row 6197 · preliminary | Marshall (NC)2727 · NC · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 12,416 | 91.91 | 13,271 | 2.63 | 7.80 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-04EIA row 6275 · preliminary | Brunner Island3140 · PA · AMERICAN CONSOLIDATED NATURAL RESOURCES COAL SALES | 15,806 | —Not published | 13,285 | 2.81 | 7.30 | ContractBIT | Rail |
| 2026-04EIA row 7460 · preliminary | Longview Power Plant56671 · WV · ACNR COAL SALES, Inc. | 89,303 | —Not published | 13,035 | 2.70 | 7.60 | ContractBIT | River / Truck |
Delivered cost includes transport and is not mine revenue. Missing prices remain blank. * Fewer than three months are published in the selected quarter. Receipts reflect the months EIA has published; an unfinished quarter is not comparable with a full quarter. Portfolio matches use current ownership.
Coverage, sources and calculations
- Reported coal receipts at EIA-923 power plants/terminals; this is not a census of mine shipments, exports or metallurgical sales.
- Matches use only the published MSHA ID, normalized to seven digits. Unidentified mine origins remain in the source table but are not assigned to a mine.
- Portfolio attribution uses current MSHA ownership, not ownership at the shipment date. Receipts and production can differ because of timing, stocks and coverage.
- Quality means are weighted by positive reported tons with that measurement. Delivered cost uses only rows with published cost, positive heat and positive tons; missing/withheld costs are never zero-filled.
- USD/ton = (cents/MMBtu ÷ 100) × MMBtu/ton. This is plant delivered cost, not mine sales price or revenue.
- Receipt month is as published, including records supplied by annual respondents. Recent months are preliminary and subject to revision. Missing rows do not prove zero shipments.
Imported releases start 2008-01. This window includes 12 published months. EIA releases · Survey instructions
- 2026 · preliminary · EIA923_Schedules_2_3_4_5_M_07_2026_21SEP2026.xlsx · Page 5 Fuel Receipts and Costs
- 2025 · final · EIA923_Schedules_2_3_4_5_M_12_2025_Final.xlsx · Page 5 Fuel Receipts and Costs
EIA ANNUAL COAL REPORT · 2024
Coal prices and estimated revenue
Annual county prices and a production-based allocation of county coal sales.
The estimate assumes each eligible mine receives its county-average price and shares county sales in proportion to production. Actual sales and prices can differ substantially. Unavailable estimates are excluded; this is not a total for the whole portfolio. Annual price data uses a separate window from the MSHA charts.
| Mine / county | Annual production · tons | County FOB · USD/ton | Est. sales · tons | Est. coal revenue · USD | Basis / availability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marion County Mine4601433 · Marion, West Virginia | 5,645,400 | — | — | — | County sales or price not published2 eligible mines / 2 sales respondents |
Method, assumptions and source records
- This is an annual county-sales allocation, not reported mine or company revenue. Currency is nominal USD in the source year; quantities are short tons.
- Mine share = same-year annual mine production / eligible same-county production. Estimated sales = published county sales × share. Estimated coal revenue = estimated sales × published county average FOB price.
- The model assumes eligible mines share county sales in proportion to production and receive the county-average price. Matching mine counts is a check, not proof of identical respondents. Mine quality, contracts and sales timing can differ substantially. No statistical confidence interval is implied.
- FOB excludes transport and insurance. EIA-923 delivered costs do not enter this model. No grade premium, state/national fallback, quarterly apportionment or carry-forward to a later year is applied.
- Eligibility follows the source's production threshold and excludes preparation-only and refuse operations. Withheld values, inconsistent county counts and missing/ambiguous locations produce no estimate.
- County sales are published in thousands of tons and prices to cents. Calculations retain precision, but the inputs are rounded and the allocation is approximate.
- Portfolio attribution uses current MSHA ownership, not ownership during the sales year. Covered-mine sums exclude unavailable estimates and must not be read as whole-company revenue. Coverage denominators use the annual EIA mine-production release.
Sales-reporting threshold: 50,000 short tons per mine in 2024. Withheld sales or prices stay unavailable.
EIA Table 30 · county sales and FOB prices · EIA annual mine production · Release index
Annual report released November 19, 2025. Method: county-sales-allocation-v1. JSON and CSV preserve source row numbers and file checksums.
OWNERSHIP
Operator and controller history
Current ownership comes from MSHA Mines. Historical start and end dates come from MSHA Controller and Operator History.
ACNR Holdings, InccontrolsThe Marion County Coal CompanyoperatesMarion County Mine
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 4601433ACNR Holdings, InccontrolsMarion County Coal Resources, Inc.operatesMarion County Mine
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 4601433Robert E MurraycontrolsThe Marion County Coal CompanyoperatesMarion County Mine
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 4601433Robert E MurraycontrolsConsolidation Coal CompanyoperatesMarion County Mine
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 4601433CONSOL Energy InccontrolsConsolidation Coal CompanyoperatesMarion County Mine
msha-controller-operator-history · controller/operator co-tenure derived on mine 4601433Other historical summaries · source-specific periods
RECORD SUMMARY
Production, safety and enforcement
These summaries use the periods stated on each card, independently of the reporting period above.
Accidents and injuries
1,381 historical accident/injury rows; 3 coded fatalities and 45,802 lost days across the published record.
accidentsmine-production-quarterlyViolations and penalties
15,912 violation rows across the full record; 4,071 carry an S&S flag and $12,384,595 appears in current assessed amounts.
inspectionsviolationsassessed-violationsorders-107aOccupational health samples
15,913 coal dust; 433 coal quartz; 863 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 346 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
coal-dust-samplesquartz-samplesnoise-samplesQuarterly production and employment
333K employee hours and 531 summed average employees across reported subunits in the latest published quarter.
mine-production-quarterlymine-production-yearlyContests, conferences and decisions
3,740 contested-violation rows, 3,741 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 2,254 conference records linked by issuance number.
conferencescontested-violationscivil-penalty-dockets-decisionsContractors
Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
contractor-production-quarterlycontractor-production-yearlyaccidentsviolationsInspections
3,320 inspection events and 156K published inspection hours across the historical record.
inspectionsviolationsHEALTH SAMPLING
Silica and quartz
Coal quartz, metal/nonmetal personal samples and area samples. Snapshot Oct 13, 2026. 433 silica records across the mine’s published history.
Coal quartz concentration
Quarterly mean · µg/m³ · not-voided samples
— No eligible measurements. * Quarter in progress. Means describe the available samples, not average exposure across the mine.
Quartz % is the sample’s quartz content; µg/m³ is its reported concentration. Personal C/E is the ratio to the limit published with that sample. Personal and area concentration units and void status are not specified in those source files.
| Date / sample | Dataset / analyte | Occupation / area | Measurement | Sample status | Published action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 58600745 / lab 2026037672 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (MOUNTED) (RETURN SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 5 µg/m³2% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58601126 / lab 2026037673 | Coal quartzQuartz | CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATORDESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 20 µg/m³3.1% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58601088 / lab 2026037667 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (MOUNTED) (INTAKE SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 12 µg/m³2.1% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58599648 / lab 2026035834 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (MOUNTED) (RETURN SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 5 µg/m³0.8% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58599829 / lab 2026035835 | Coal quartzQuartz | CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATORDESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 3 µg/m³1.2% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58600749 / lab 2026035150 | Coal quartzQuartz | BULLDOZER OPERATORDESIGNATED WORK POSITION | 2 µg/m³1.9% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58600032 / lab 2026028881 | Coal quartzQuartz | LONGWALL OPERATOR (TAILGATE SIDE)DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 7 µg/m³1.1% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58565608 / lab 2026021614 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (MOUNTED) (RETURN SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 9 µg/m³2.7% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58565443 / lab 2026016113 | Coal quartzQuartz | CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATORDESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 4 µg/m³1.3% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58565500 / lab 2026016114 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (MOUNTED) (RETURN SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 7 µg/m³1.7% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58565395 / lab 2026014659 | Coal quartzQuartz | MECHANICNON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 3 µg/m³2.4% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58565394 / lab 2026014658 | Coal quartzQuartz | JACK SETTER (LONGWALL)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 10 µg/m³1.4% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58565445 / lab 2026014662 | Coal quartzQuartz | LONGWALL OPERATOR (TAILGATE SIDE)DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 14 µg/m³1.1% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58565404 / lab 2026011644 | Coal quartzQuartz | BULLDOZER OPERATORDESIGNATED WORK POSITION | 5 µg/m³3.2% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58565399 / lab 2026011645 | Coal quartzQuartz | UTILITY MANDESIGNATED WORK POSITION | 1 µg/m³0.4% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58562187 / lab 2026008799 | Coal quartzQuartz | CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATORDESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 11 µg/m³2.9% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58562170 / lab 2026008805 | Coal quartzQuartz | ROOF BOLTER (MOUNTED) (INTAKE SIDE)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 0 µg/m³—% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58520814 / lab 2026001892 | Coal quartzQuartz | MECHANICNON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 4 µg/m³3.3% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58520815 / lab 2026001890 | Coal quartzQuartz | LONGWALL OPERATOR (TAILGATE SIDE)DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 6 µg/m³1.2% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
| 58520798 / lab 2026001888 | Coal quartzQuartz | JACK SETTER (LONGWALL)NON DESIGNATED OCCUPATION | 7 µg/m³1.3% quartz | Not voided | Not reported |
Sources and interpretation
- Coal means use numeric concentrations from samples marked not voided, excluding control/invalid sample types and dates after the snapshot. Missing values remain null; reported zeroes remain zero.
- Quarterly means describe available samples, not mine-wide or worker-average exposure. Quarters with no eligible measurements remain empty; the current quarter is partial.
- Personal C/E is MSHA's published concentration-to-limit ratio. A value above 1 is not by itself a citation or a determination under the 2024 silica rule. Personal and area files do not publish a void-status field.
- Area records include bulk-dust analyses and are kept separate from personal exposure results. Their concentration units are not specified in the source dictionary.
- Missing samples do not establish safe conditions. Coal quartz percentage and concentration are separate measures. No compliance threshold is inferred for coal samples.
Coal quartz field definitions ↗Metal/nonmetal personal field definitions ↗Metal/nonmetal area field definitions ↗
EIA + TITLE 30
EIA production and cited regulations
EIA annual figures are reported separately from MSHA. Regulation links use the current eCFR snapshot.
- LABOR HOURS
- 1,170,349
- AVG EMPLOYEES
- 521
- SUPPLY REGION
- Appalachia Northern
- UNION
- United Mine Workers Of America
- OPERATION
- Mine and Preparation Plant
- COMPANY TYPE
- Operating Subsidiary
1 published EIA row aggregated under this MSHA ID. Components remain available in JSON.
RECENT PUBLIC RECORDS
Recent violations and samples
Latest records retained for inspection; aggregates above use the full source history.
Coal dust, noise and other contaminants. Silica records above ↑
SOURCE COVERAGE
Reporting dates and coverage
17 datasets contain linked records. Missing datasets are listed below.
NOTES
Limitations
- Contractor production is entity-level and is never represented as mine-attributable.
- Missing rows can mean no event, publication delay, identity mismatch, or inapplicability.