# Windmillgap Surface Mine

- **MSHA mine ID:** 4609478
- **Status:** NonProducing
- **Type / commodity:** Surface / Coal (Bituminous)
- **Location:** Mcdowell, WV
- **Operator:** Onyx Energy, LLC
- **Controller:** Mohegan Energy Trustees LLC
- **Public source rows linked:** 406
- **Source coverage:** 13 / 20
- **Generated:** 2026-10-13T11:26:59.401Z

## Current entity hierarchy

**Mohegan Energy Trustees LLC (0141301) → Onyx Energy, LLC (0098205) → Windmillgap Surface Mine (4609478)**

Current identity source: `msha-mines`. This is a current snapshot, not a historical claim.

## Controller and operator valid-time history

- **Richard G  Preservati II → Onyx Energy, LLC:** 2013-09-19 through 2018-05-15; derived from co-tenure at mine 4609478; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Mohegan Energy Trustees LLC → Onyx Energy, LLC:** 2018-05-16 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 4609478; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.

- History rows: 2
- Typed edges: 5
- Interval anomalies: 0
- Valid-time bounds: inclusive; date granularity; null end means open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control.
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00.

## Assessment signals

1. **SAFETY — 0 since 2021:** Accidents and injuries 0 historical accident/injury rows; 0 coded fatalities and 0 lost days across the published record.
2. **COMPLIANCE — 5 since 2021:** Violations and penalties 26 violation rows across the full record; 2 carry an S&S flag and $7,191 appears in current assessed amounts.
3. **HEALTH — 117 samples:** Occupational health samples 81 coal dust; 13 coal quartz; 23 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 0 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
4. **PRODUCTION — 0 tons:** Quarterly production and employment 0 employee hours and 0 summed average employees across reported subunits in the latest published quarter.
5. **LEGAL — 0 linked rows:** Contests, conferences and decisions 0 contested-violation rows, 0 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 0 conference records linked by issuance number.
6. **CONTRACTORS — 1 linked entities:** Contractors Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
7. **INSPECTIONS — 15 since 2021:** Inspections 30 inspection events and 496 published inspection hours across the historical record.

## EIA annual operating context

No matched record in the 2024 EIA coal-public workbook. This may be inapplicable for a non-coal operation.

## Recent Title 30 crosswalk

Snapshot current through 2026-08-19.

- **30 CFR 71.209 — Status change reports.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-71/subpart-C/section-71.209
- **30 CFR 77.1606 — Loading and haulage equipment; inspection and maintenance.** (6 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-Q/section-77.1606
- **30 CFR 71.400 — Bathing facilities; change rooms; sanitary flush toilet facilities.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-71/subpart-E/section-71.400
- **30 CFR 77.1104 — Accumulations of combustible materials.** (3 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1104
- **30 CFR 77.400 — Mechanical equipment guards.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.400

## Source coverage

- **Addresses of Record:** 1 rows; 2021-01-14 through 2021-01-14; source ID `msha-addresses`
- **Assessed Violations:** 26 rows; 2014-07-08 through 2025-09-08; source ID `msha-assessed-violations`
- **Coal Dust Samples:** 81 rows; 2018-07-24 through 2024-04-23; source ID `msha-coal-dust-samples`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 79 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-quarterly`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Yearly:** 18 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-yearly`
- **Controller and Operator History:** 2 rows; 2013-09-19 through 2013-09-19; source ID `msha-controller-operator-history`
- **Inspections:** 30 rows; 2014-07-08 through 2026-10-07; source ID `msha-inspections`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 97 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-quarterly`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Yearly:** 9 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-yearly`
- **Mines:** 1 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mines`
- **Noise Samples:** 23 rows; 2018-08-06 through 2023-10-10; source ID `msha-noise-samples`
- **Quartz Samples — Coal:** 13 rows; 2019-03-15 through 2021-08-23; source ID `msha-quartz-samples`
- **Violations:** 26 rows; 2014-07-08 through 2025-09-08; source ID `msha-violations`

## Caveats

- This is public-record decision support, not legal advice or an official MSHA record.
- Missing data can indicate no event, publication delay, an unresolved identity, or inapplicability.
- Contractor production data is entity-level and is not attributed to this mine.

## Alternate representations

- HTML: `/mines/windmillgap-surface-mine-4609478`
- JSON: `/api/v1/mines/windmillgap-surface-mine-4609478`
- Silica records, units, sample status and quarterly means: `/api/v1/mines/4609478/silica` (snapshot year by default; `?year=all` for history; `&format=csv` for all matching rows)
- Relationship JSON: `/api/v1/mines/4609478/relationships`
- MCP resource: `mine://4609478/assessment`
- Complete Title 30 corpus: `/data/title30-sections.json`