# HWM #73

- **MSHA mine ID:** 4609414
- **Status:** Active
- **Type / commodity:** Surface / Coal (Bituminous)
- **Location:** Harlan, KY
- **Operator:** Commonwealth Mining, LLC
- **Controller:** SDC LLC; Cox Enterprises LLC
- **Public source rows linked:** 562
- **Source coverage:** 14 / 20
- **Generated:** 2026-10-13T11:26:59.401Z

## Current entity hierarchy

**SDC LLC; Cox Enterprises LLC (0148501) → Commonwealth Mining, LLC (0109325) → HWM #73 (4609414)**

Current identity source: `msha-mines`. This is a current snapshot, not a historical claim.

## Controller and operator valid-time history

- **Cox Enterprises et al → Commonwealth Mining, LLC:** 2011-04-18 through 2018-12-31; derived from co-tenure at mine 4609414; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **L C Management et al → Commonwealth Mining, LLC:** 2011-04-18 through 2018-12-31; derived from co-tenure at mine 4609414; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **SDC LLC et al → Commonwealth Mining, LLC:** 2019-01-01 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 4609414; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Cox Enterprises LLC et al → Commonwealth Mining, LLC:** 2019-01-01 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 4609414; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.

- History rows: 4
- Typed edges: 7
- Interval anomalies: 0
- Valid-time bounds: inclusive; date granularity; null end means open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control.
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00.

## Assessment signals

1. **SAFETY — 1 since 2021:** Accidents and injuries 6 historical accident/injury rows; 0 coded fatalities and 43 lost days across the published record.
2. **COMPLIANCE — 19 since 2021:** Violations and penalties 73 violation rows across the full record; 18 carry an S&S flag and $18,089 appears in current assessed amounts.
3. **HEALTH — 222 samples:** Occupational health samples 123 coal dust; 99 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 11 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
4. **PRODUCTION — 14K tons:** Quarterly production and employment 4K employee hours and 8 summed average employees across reported subunits in the latest published quarter.
5. **LEGAL — 42 linked rows:** Contests, conferences and decisions 19 contested-violation rows, 19 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 4 conference records linked by issuance number.
6. **CONTRACTORS — 0 linked entities:** Contractors Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
7. **INSPECTIONS — 20 since 2021:** Inspections 58 inspection events and 2K published inspection hours across the historical record.

## EIA annual operating context

- **Reporting year:** 2024
- **Production:** 88,399 short tons
- **Labor hours:** 22,218
- **Average employees:** 11
- **Coal supply region:** Appalachia Central
- **Union code:** Not published
- **Published rows under this MSHA ID:** 1

## Recent Title 30 crosswalk

Snapshot current through 2026-08-19.

- **30 CFR 77.1104 — Accumulations of combustible materials.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1104
- **30 CFR 77.410 — Mobile equipment; automatic warning devices.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.410
- **30 CFR 77.208 — Storage of materials.** (3 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-C/section-77.208
- **30 CFR 77.1000 — Highwalls, pits and spoil banks; plans.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-K/section-77.1000
- **30 CFR 77.701 — Grounding metallic frames, casings, and other enclosures of electric equipment.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-H/section-77.701
- **30 CFR 71.404 — Application for waiver of surface facilities requirements.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-71/subpart-E/section-71.404
- **30 CFR 77.1110 — Examination and maintenance of firefighting equipment.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1110
- **30 CFR 62.130 — Permissible exposure level.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-M/part-62/section-62.130
- **30 CFR 71.501 — Sanitary toilet facilities; maintenance.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-71/subpart-F/section-71.501
- **30 CFR 77.1606 — Loading and haulage equipment; inspection and maintenance.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-Q/section-77.1606

## Source coverage

- **Accident, Injuries, and Illnesses:** 6 rows; 2013-11-18 through 2025-04-14; source ID `msha-accidents`
- **Addresses of Record:** 1 rows; 2026-08-17 through 2026-08-17; source ID `msha-addresses`
- **Assessed Violations:** 71 rows; 2011-07-26 through 2026-06-30; source ID `msha-assessed-violations`
- **Civil Penalty Dockets and Decisions:** 19 rows; 2019-01-25 through 2021-03-05; source ID `msha-civil-penalty-dockets-decisions`
- **Coal Dust Samples:** 123 rows; 2011-08-02 through 2026-06-25; source ID `msha-coal-dust-samples`
- **Conferences:** 4 rows; 2018-10-19 through 2018-10-19; source ID `msha-conferences`
- **Contested Violations:** 19 rows; 2018-01-19 through 2020-02-20; source ID `msha-contested-violations`
- **Controller and Operator History:** 4 rows; 2011-04-18 through 2011-04-18; source ID `msha-controller-operator-history`
- **Inspections:** 58 rows; 2011-07-18 through 2026-06-24; source ID `msha-inspections`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 69 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-quarterly`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Yearly:** 15 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-yearly`
- **Mines:** 1 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mines`
- **Noise Samples:** 99 rows; 2011-08-08 through 2026-06-25; source ID `msha-noise-samples`
- **Violations:** 73 rows; 2011-07-26 through 2026-06-30; source ID `msha-violations`

## Caveats

- This is public-record decision support, not legal advice or an official MSHA record.
- Missing data can indicate no event, publication delay, an unresolved identity, or inapplicability.
- Contractor production data is entity-level and is not attributed to this mine.

## Alternate representations

- HTML: `/mines/hwm-73-4609414`
- JSON: `/api/v1/mines/hwm-73-4609414`
- Silica records, units, sample status and quarterly means: `/api/v1/mines/4609414/silica` (snapshot year by default; `?year=all` for history; `&format=csv` for all matching rows)
- Relationship JSON: `/api/v1/mines/4609414/relationships`
- MCP resource: `mine://4609414/assessment`
- Complete Title 30 corpus: `/data/title30-sections.json`