# WV-1 Surface Mine

- **MSHA mine ID:** 4608564
- **Status:** Abandoned
- **Type / commodity:** Surface / Coal (Bituminous)
- **Location:** Mingo, WV
- **Operator:** Appalachian Fuels, LLC
- **Controller:** Energy Coal Resources Inc
- **Public source rows linked:** 871
- **Source coverage:** 15 / 20
- **Generated:** 2026-10-13T11:26:59.401Z

## Current entity hierarchy

**Energy Coal Resources Inc (0056689) → Appalachian Fuels, LLC (P24602) → WV-1 Surface Mine (4608564)**

Current identity source: `msha-mines`. This is a current snapshot, not a historical claim.

## Controller and operator valid-time history

- **Pen Holdings Inc → Pen Coal Corp:** 1996-04-01 through 1999-01-03; derived from co-tenure at mine 4608564; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Chris  Frye et al → Tri-County Mining Inc:** 1999-01-04 through 2001-10-16; derived from co-tenure at mine 4608564; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Roger L  Kirk et al → Tri-County Mining Inc:** 1999-01-04 through 2001-10-16; derived from co-tenure at mine 4608564; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **John C  Smith Jr → Appalachian Fuels, LLC:** 2001-10-17 through 2006-01-16; derived from co-tenure at mine 4608564; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Energy Coal Resources Inc → Appalachian Fuels, LLC:** 2006-01-17 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 4608564; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.

- History rows: 5
- Typed edges: 12
- Interval anomalies: 0
- Valid-time bounds: inclusive; date granularity; null end means open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control.
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00.

## Assessment signals

1. **SAFETY — 0 since 2021:** Accidents and injuries 14 historical accident/injury rows; 0 coded fatalities and 526 lost days across the published record.
2. **COMPLIANCE — 0 since 2021:** Violations and penalties 49 violation rows across the full record; 42 carry an S&S flag and $6,045 appears in current assessed amounts.
3. **HEALTH — 54 samples:** Occupational health samples 39 coal dust; 5 coal quartz; 10 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 5 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
4. **PRODUCTION — 0 tons:** Quarterly production and employment 0 employee hours and 0 summed average employees across reported subunits in the latest published quarter.
5. **LEGAL — 5 linked rows:** Contests, conferences and decisions 0 contested-violation rows, 5 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 0 conference records linked by issuance number.
6. **CONTRACTORS — 6 linked entities:** Contractors Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
7. **INSPECTIONS — 0 since 2021:** Inspections 20 inspection events and 614 published inspection hours across the historical record.

## EIA annual operating context

No matched record in the 2024 EIA coal-public workbook. This may be inapplicable for a non-coal operation.

## Recent Title 30 crosswalk

Snapshot current through 2026-08-19.

- **30 CFR 77.410 — Mobile equipment; automatic warning devices.** (3 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.410
- **30 CFR 77.1302 — Vehicles used to transport explosives.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-N/section-77.1302
- **30 CFR 77.205 — Travelways at surface installations.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-C/section-77.205
- **30 CFR 77.208 — Storage of materials.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-C/section-77.208
- **30 CFR 72.620 — Drill dust control at surface mines and surface areas of underground mines.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-72/subpart-E/section-72.620
- **30 CFR 77.400 — Mechanical equipment guards.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.400
- **30 CFR 77.1605 — Loading and haulage equipment; installations.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-Q/section-77.1605
- **30 CFR 77.404 — Machinery and equipment; operation and maintenance.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.404
- **30 CFR 50.20 — Preparation and submission of MSHA Report Form 7000-1—Mine Accident, Injury, and Illness Report.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-I/part-50/subpart-C/section-50.20

## Source coverage

- **Accident, Injuries, and Illnesses:** 14 rows; 2000-01-31 through 2002-07-04; source ID `msha-accidents`
- **Addresses of Record:** 1 rows; 2005-07-27 through 2005-07-27; source ID `msha-addresses`
- **Assessed Violations:** 49 rows; 2000-01-05 through 2002-09-16; source ID `msha-assessed-violations`
- **Civil Penalty Dockets and Decisions:** 5 rows; 2000-05-10 through 2001-09-18; source ID `msha-civil-penalty-dockets-decisions`
- **Coal Dust Samples:** 39 rows; 2000-01-11 through 2002-07-11; source ID `msha-coal-dust-samples`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 512 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-quarterly`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Yearly:** 111 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-yearly`
- **Controller and Operator History:** 5 rows; 1996-04-01 through 2001-10-17; source ID `msha-controller-operator-history`
- **Inspections:** 20 rows; 2000-01-03 through 2005-11-07; source ID `msha-inspections`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 41 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-quarterly`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Yearly:** 9 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-yearly`
- **Mines:** 1 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mines`
- **Noise Samples:** 10 rows; 2000-01-11 through 2001-08-28; source ID `msha-noise-samples`
- **Quartz Samples — Coal:** 5 rows; 2001-01-16 through 2001-08-28; source ID `msha-quartz-samples`
- **Violations:** 49 rows; 2000-01-05 through 2002-09-16; source ID `msha-violations`

## Caveats

- This is public-record decision support, not legal advice or an official MSHA record.
- Missing data can indicate no event, publication delay, an unresolved identity, or inapplicability.
- Contractor production data is entity-level and is not attributed to this mine.

## Alternate representations

- HTML: `/mines/wv-1-surface-mine-4608564`
- JSON: `/api/v1/mines/wv-1-surface-mine-4608564`
- Silica records, units, sample status and quarterly means: `/api/v1/mines/4608564/silica` (snapshot year by default; `?year=all` for history; `&format=csv` for all matching rows)
- Relationship JSON: `/api/v1/mines/4608564/relationships`
- MCP resource: `mine://4608564/assessment`
- Complete Title 30 corpus: `/data/title30-sections.json`