# Tipple #1

- **MSHA mine ID:** 4403472
- **Status:** Active
- **Type / commodity:** Facility / Coal (Bituminous)
- **Location:** Wise, VA
- **Operator:** Hills Coal Co., Inc.
- **Controller:** Horace Garrison  Hill
- **Public source rows linked:** 3,930
- **Source coverage:** 16 / 20
- **Generated:** 2026-10-13T11:26:59.401Z

## Current entity hierarchy

**Horace Garrison  Hill (C15279) → Hills Coal Co., Inc. (0051767) → Tipple #1 (4403472)**

Current identity source: `msha-mines`. This is a current snapshot, not a historical claim.

## Controller and operator valid-time history

- **Westmoreland Coal Company → Westmoreland Coal Company:** 1950-01-01 through 1986-11-05; derived from co-tenure at mine 4403472; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Charles D  Litton → Skyline Enterprises Of Va Inc:** 1986-11-06 through 1987-05-12; derived from co-tenure at mine 4403472; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Westmoreland Coal Company → Westmoreland Coal Company:** 1987-05-13 through 1988-09-25; derived from co-tenure at mine 4403472; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Charles D  Litton → Skyline Enterprises Of Va Inc:** 1988-09-26 through 2002-02-25; derived from co-tenure at mine 4403472; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Charles D  Litton → Pinnacle Resources, L.L.C.:** 2002-02-26 through 2003-12-29; derived from co-tenure at mine 4403472; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Horace Garrison  Hill → Hills Coal Co., Inc.:** 2003-12-30 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 4403472; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.

- History rows: 6
- Typed edges: 16
- Interval anomalies: 0
- Valid-time bounds: inclusive; date granularity; null end means open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control.
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00.

## Assessment signals

1. **SAFETY — 0 since 2021:** Accidents and injuries 1 historical accident/injury rows; 0 coded fatalities and 7 lost days across the published record.
2. **COMPLIANCE — 12 since 2021:** Violations and penalties 477 violation rows across the full record; 204 carry an S&S flag and $171,531 appears in current assessed amounts.
3. **HEALTH — 260 samples:** Occupational health samples 174 coal dust; 86 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 0 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
4. **PRODUCTION — 0 tons:** Quarterly production and employment 2K employee hours and 4 summed average employees across reported subunits in the latest published quarter.
5. **LEGAL — 83 linked rows:** Contests, conferences and decisions 38 contested-violation rows, 38 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 7 conference records linked by issuance number.
6. **CONTRACTORS — 19 linked entities:** Contractors Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
7. **INSPECTIONS — 12 since 2021:** Inspections 76 inspection events and 2K published inspection hours across the historical record.

## EIA annual operating context

- **Reporting year:** 2024
- **Production:** 0 short tons
- **Labor hours:** 9,525
- **Average employees:** 4
- **Coal supply region:** Appalachia Central
- **Union code:** Not published
- **Published rows under this MSHA ID:** 2

## Recent Title 30 crosswalk

Snapshot current through 2026-08-19.

- **30 CFR 77.410 — Mobile equipment; automatic warning devices.** (3 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.410
- **30 CFR 77.1605 — Loading and haulage equipment; installations.** (2 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-Q/section-77.1605
- **30 CFR 77.1104 — Accumulations of combustible materials.** (3 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1104
- **30 CFR 77.404 — Machinery and equipment; operation and maintenance.** (2 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.404
- **30 CFR 48.23 — Training plans; time of submission; where filed; information required; time for approval; method for disapproval; commencement of training; approval of instructors.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-H/part-48/subpart-B/section-48.23
- **30 CFR 77.1103 — Flammable liquids; storage.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1103

## Source coverage

- **Accident, Injuries, and Illnesses:** 1 rows; 2009-04-15 through 2009-04-15; source ID `msha-accidents`
- **Addresses of Record:** 1 rows; 2002-09-19 through 2002-09-19; source ID `msha-addresses`
- **Assessed Violations:** 467 rows; 2002-09-19 through 2026-04-09; source ID `msha-assessed-violations`
- **Civil Penalty Dockets and Decisions:** 38 rows; 2007-11-07 through 2018-05-23; source ID `msha-civil-penalty-dockets-decisions`
- **Coal Dust Samples:** 174 rows; 2002-09-26 through 2026-04-14; source ID `msha-coal-dust-samples`
- **Conferences:** 7 rows; 2009-06-12 through 2009-06-12; source ID `msha-conferences`
- **Contested Violations:** 38 rows; 2006-11-13 through 2017-09-14; source ID `msha-contested-violations`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 1,934 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-quarterly`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Yearly:** 394 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-yearly`
- **Controller and Operator History:** 6 rows; 1950-01-01 through 2003-12-30; source ID `msha-controller-operator-history`
- **Inspections:** 76 rows; 2002-03-19 through 2026-04-08; source ID `msha-inspections`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 183 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-quarterly`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Yearly:** 47 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-yearly`
- **Mines:** 1 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mines`
- **Noise Samples:** 86 rows; 2002-10-24 through 2025-10-20; source ID `msha-noise-samples`
- **Violations:** 477 rows; 2002-09-19 through 2026-04-09; source ID `msha-violations`

## Caveats

- This is public-record decision support, not legal advice or an official MSHA record.
- Missing data can indicate no event, publication delay, an unresolved identity, or inapplicability.
- Contractor production data is entity-level and is not attributed to this mine.

## Alternate representations

- HTML: `/mines/tipple-1-4403472`
- JSON: `/api/v1/mines/tipple-1-4403472`
- Silica records, units, sample status and quarterly means: `/api/v1/mines/4403472/silica` (snapshot year by default; `?year=all` for history; `&format=csv` for all matching rows)
- Relationship JSON: `/api/v1/mines/4403472/relationships`
- MCP resource: `mine://4403472/assessment`
- Complete Title 30 corpus: `/data/title30-sections.json`