# Coal Innovations # 1

- **MSHA mine ID:** 3609406
- **Status:** Abandoned
- **Type / commodity:** Facility / Coal (Bituminous)
- **Location:** Somerset, PA
- **Operator:** Coal Innovations LLC
- **Controller:** J Clifford  Forrest III
- **Public source rows linked:** 625
- **Source coverage:** 15 / 20
- **Generated:** 2026-10-17T06:17:15.228Z

## Current entity hierarchy

**J Clifford  Forrest III (C07485) → Coal Innovations LLC (0085724) → Coal Innovations # 1 (3609406)**

Current identity source: `msha-mines`. This is a current snapshot, not a historical claim.

## Controller and operator valid-time history

- **Jack  Irwin et al → Coal Recovery Systems LP:** 2006-04-09 through 2007-12-05; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609406; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Norman  Caplan et al → Coal Recovery Systems LP:** 2006-04-09 through 2007-12-05; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609406; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Norman G  Caplan → Coal Innovations LLC:** 2007-12-06 through 2012-08-13; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609406; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **AK Steel Holding Corporation → AK Coal Resources, Inc.:** 2012-08-14 through 2020-03-12; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609406; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Cleveland-Cliffs Inc → AK Coal Resources, Inc.:** 2020-03-13 through 2023-10-23; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609406; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Norman G  Caplan → Coal Innovations LLC:** 2023-10-24 through 2023-10-23; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609406; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **J Clifford  Forrest III → Coal Innovations LLC:** 2023-10-24 through 2012-08-13; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609406; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **J Clifford  Forrest III → Coal Innovations LLC:** 2023-10-24 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609406; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.

- History rows: 8
- Typed edges: 17
- Interval anomalies: 2
- Valid-time bounds: inclusive; date granularity; null end means open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control.
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00.

## Assessment signals

1. **SAFETY — 0 since 2021:** Accidents and injuries 2 historical accident/injury rows; 0 coded fatalities and 0 lost days across the published record.
2. **COMPLIANCE — 4 since 2021:** Violations and penalties 55 violation rows across the full record; 22 carry an S&S flag and $8,226 appears in current assessed amounts.
3. **HEALTH — 69 samples:** Occupational health samples 42 coal dust; 27 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 7 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
4. **PRODUCTION — No published quarter:** Quarterly production and employment The source remains registered, but no mine-keyed quarterly production row was published.
5. **LEGAL — 34 linked rows:** Contests, conferences and decisions 11 contested-violation rows, 11 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 12 conference records linked by issuance number.
6. **CONTRACTORS — 4 linked entities:** Contractors Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
7. **INSPECTIONS — 6 since 2021:** Inspections 55 inspection events and 954 published inspection hours across the historical record.

## EIA annual operating context

No matched record in the 2024 EIA coal-public workbook. This may be inapplicable for a non-coal operation.

## Recent Title 30 crosswalk

Snapshot current through 2026-08-19.

- **30 CFR 48.29 — Records of training.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-H/part-48/subpart-B/section-48.29
- **30 CFR 48.31 — Hazard training.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-H/part-48/subpart-B/section-48.31
- **30 CFR 77.1104 — Accumulations of combustible materials.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1104
- **30 CFR 77.410 — Mobile equipment; automatic warning devices.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.410
- **30 CFR 62.130 — Permissible exposure level.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-M/part-62/section-62.130
- **30 CFR 48.28 — Annual refresher training of miners; minimum courses of instruction; hours of instruction.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-H/part-48/subpart-B/section-48.28
- **30 CFR 48.25 — Training of new miners; minimum courses of instruction; hours of instruction.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-H/part-48/subpart-B/section-48.25
- **30 CFR 77.409 — Shovels, draglines, and tractors.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.409
- **30 CFR 77.502 — Electric equipment; examination, testing, and maintenance.** (2 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-F/section-77.502
- **30 CFR 77.215 — Refuse piles; construction requirements.** (2 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-C/section-77.215

## Source coverage

- **Accident, Injuries, and Illnesses:** 2 rows; 2009-11-05 through 2018-02-25; source ID `msha-accidents`
- **Addresses of Record:** 1 rows; 2022-11-21 through 2022-11-21; source ID `msha-addresses`
- **Assessed Violations:** 54 rows; 2007-04-04 through 2021-09-09; source ID `msha-assessed-violations`
- **Civil Penalty Dockets and Decisions:** 11 rows; 2014-09-02 through 2014-09-02; source ID `msha-civil-penalty-dockets-decisions`
- **Coal Dust Samples:** 42 rows; 2011-07-21 through 2021-12-01; source ID `msha-coal-dust-samples`
- **Conferences:** 12 rows; 2013-07-22 through 2014-06-23; source ID `msha-conferences`
- **Contested Violations:** 11 rows; 2013-01-30 through 2013-02-06; source ID `msha-contested-violations`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 257 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-quarterly`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Yearly:** 65 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-yearly`
- **Controller and Operator History:** 8 rows; 2006-04-09 through 2023-10-24; source ID `msha-controller-operator-history`
- **Inspections:** 55 rows; 2006-09-23 through 2022-11-15; source ID `msha-inspections`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Yearly:** 24 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-yearly`
- **Mines:** 1 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mines`
- **Noise Samples:** 27 rows; 2011-07-21 through 2021-09-13; source ID `msha-noise-samples`
- **Violations:** 55 rows; 2007-04-04 through 2021-09-09; source ID `msha-violations`

## Caveats

- This is public-record decision support, not legal advice or an official MSHA record.
- Missing data can indicate no event, publication delay, an unresolved identity, or inapplicability.
- Contractor production data is entity-level and is not attributed to this mine.

## Alternate representations

- HTML: `/mines/coal-innovations-1-3609406`
- JSON: `/api/v1/mines/coal-innovations-1-3609406`
- Silica records, units, sample status and quarterly means: `/api/v1/mines/3609406/silica` (snapshot year by default; `?year=all` for history; `&format=csv` for all matching rows)
- Relationship JSON: `/api/v1/mines/3609406/relationships`
- MCP resource: `mine://3609406/assessment`
- Complete Title 30 corpus: `/data/title30-sections.json`