# West End

- **MSHA mine ID:** 3609322
- **Status:** Active
- **Type / commodity:** Surface / Coal (Anthracite)
- **Location:** Northumberland, PA
- **Operator:** Admiral Carbon, LLC
- **Controller:** Michael  Rich; John J Rich; Brian R Rich
- **Public source rows linked:** 903
- **Source coverage:** 17 / 20
- **Generated:** 2026-10-13T11:26:59.401Z

## Current entity hierarchy

**Michael  Rich; John J Rich; Brian R Rich (0175763) → Admiral Carbon, LLC (0188034) → West End (3609322)**

Current identity source: `msha-mines`. This is a current snapshot, not a historical claim.

## Controller and operator valid-time history

- **Edward  Helfrick Jr. → Farragut Anthracite Company:** 2005-04-15 through 2023-04-18; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609322; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Brian R Rich et al → Admiral Carbon, LLC:** 2023-04-19 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609322; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Michael  Rich et al → Admiral Carbon, LLC:** 2023-04-19 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609322; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **John J Rich et al → Admiral Carbon, LLC:** 2023-04-19 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 3609322; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.

- History rows: 4
- Typed edges: 8
- Interval anomalies: 0
- Valid-time bounds: inclusive; date granularity; null end means open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control.
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00.

## Assessment signals

1. **SAFETY — 4 since 2021:** Accidents and injuries 12 historical accident/injury rows; 0 coded fatalities and 451 lost days across the published record.
2. **COMPLIANCE — 27 since 2021:** Violations and penalties 79 violation rows across the full record; 12 carry an S&S flag and $10,958 appears in current assessed amounts.
3. **HEALTH — 502 samples:** Occupational health samples 355 coal dust; 11 coal quartz; 136 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 8 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
4. **PRODUCTION — 31K tons:** Quarterly production and employment 10K employee hours and 16 summed average employees across reported subunits in the latest published quarter.
5. **LEGAL — 14 linked rows:** Contests, conferences and decisions 1 contested-violation rows, 1 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 12 conference records linked by issuance number.
6. **CONTRACTORS — 2 linked entities:** Contractors Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
7. **INSPECTIONS — 22 since 2021:** Inspections 68 inspection events and 3K published inspection hours across the historical record.

## EIA annual operating context

- **Reporting year:** 2024
- **Production:** 112,132 short tons
- **Labor hours:** 35,632
- **Average employees:** 15
- **Coal supply region:** Appalachia Northern
- **Union code:** Not published
- **Published rows under this MSHA ID:** 1

## Recent Title 30 crosswalk

Snapshot current through 2026-08-19.

- **30 CFR 77.1110 — Examination and maintenance of firefighting equipment.** (2 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1110
- **30 CFR 77.410 — Mobile equipment; automatic warning devices.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.410
- **30 CFR 77.400 — Mechanical equipment guards.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.400
- **30 CFR 77.205 — Travelways at surface installations.** (2 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-C/section-77.205
- **30 CFR 77.1606 — Loading and haulage equipment; inspection and maintenance.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-Q/section-77.1606
- **30 CFR 77.1710 — Protective clothing; requirements.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-R/section-77.1710
- **30 CFR 77.1605 — Loading and haulage equipment; installations.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-Q/section-77.1605
- **30 CFR 71.100 — Respirable dust standard.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-71/subpart-B/section-71.100
- **30 CFR 77.1109 — Quantity and location of firefighting equipment.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1109
- **30 CFR 71.206 — Quarterly sampling; designated work positions.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-71/subpart-C/section-71.206

## Source coverage

- **Accident, Injuries, and Illnesses:** 12 rows; 2013-08-16 through 2025-06-19; source ID `msha-accidents`
- **Addresses of Record:** 1 rows; 2007-11-07 through 2007-11-07; source ID `msha-addresses`
- **Assessed Violations:** 69 rows; 2007-05-21 through 2026-06-04; source ID `msha-assessed-violations`
- **Civil Penalty Dockets and Decisions:** 1 rows; 2025-03-05 through 2025-03-05; source ID `msha-civil-penalty-dockets-decisions`
- **Coal Dust Samples:** 355 rows; 2008-01-23 through 2026-09-23; source ID `msha-coal-dust-samples`
- **Conferences:** 12 rows; 2012-07-17 through 2012-07-17; source ID `msha-conferences`
- **Contested Violations:** 1 rows; 2024-08-29 through 2024-08-29; source ID `msha-contested-violations`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 42 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-quarterly`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Yearly:** 11 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-yearly`
- **Controller and Operator History:** 4 rows; 2005-04-15 through 2023-04-19; source ID `msha-controller-operator-history`
- **Inspections:** 68 rows; 2005-05-09 through 2026-10-05; source ID `msha-inspections`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 85 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-quarterly`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Yearly:** 15 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-yearly`
- **Mines:** 1 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mines`
- **Noise Samples:** 136 rows; 2008-01-23 through 2026-09-02; source ID `msha-noise-samples`
- **Quartz Samples — Coal:** 11 rows; 2017-12-13 through 2026-06-17; source ID `msha-quartz-samples`
- **Violations:** 79 rows; 2007-05-17 through 2026-10-07; source ID `msha-violations`

## Caveats

- This is public-record decision support, not legal advice or an official MSHA record.
- Missing data can indicate no event, publication delay, an unresolved identity, or inapplicability.
- Contractor production data is entity-level and is not attributed to this mine.

## Alternate representations

- HTML: `/mines/west-end-3609322`
- JSON: `/api/v1/mines/west-end-3609322`
- Silica records, units, sample status and quarterly means: `/api/v1/mines/3609322/silica` (snapshot year by default; `?year=all` for history; `&format=csv` for all matching rows)
- Relationship JSON: `/api/v1/mines/3609322/relationships`
- MCP resource: `mine://3609322/assessment`
- Complete Title 30 corpus: `/data/title30-sections.json`