# K-3 Surface Mine

- **MSHA mine ID:** 1517718
- **Status:** Abandoned
- **Type / commodity:** Surface / Coal (Bituminous)
- **Location:** Martin, KY
- **Operator:** Appalachian Fuels, LLC
- **Controller:** Energy Coal Resources Inc
- **Public source rows linked:** 541
- **Source coverage:** 15 / 20
- **Generated:** 2026-10-13T11:26:59.401Z

## Current entity hierarchy

**Energy Coal Resources Inc (0056689) → Appalachian Fuels, LLC (P24602) → K-3 Surface Mine (1517718)**

Current identity source: `msha-mines`. This is a current snapshot, not a historical claim.

## Controller and operator valid-time history

- **Lewis Mike → Hi-Energy Inc:** 1995-10-01 through 2002-06-02; derived from co-tenure at mine 1517718; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **John C  Smith Jr → Appalachian Fuels, LLC:** 2002-06-03 through 2006-01-16; derived from co-tenure at mine 1517718; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.
- **Energy Coal Resources Inc → Appalachian Fuels, LLC:** 2006-01-17 through current/open; derived from co-tenure at mine 1517718; source `msha-controller-operator-history`.

- History rows: 3
- Typed edges: 8
- Interval anomalies: 0
- Valid-time bounds: inclusive; date granularity; null end means open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control.
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00.

## Assessment signals

1. **SAFETY — 0 since 2021:** Accidents and injuries 6 historical accident/injury rows; 1 coded fatalities and 348 lost days across the published record.
2. **COMPLIANCE — 0 since 2021:** Violations and penalties 89 violation rows across the full record; 57 carry an S&S flag and $94,529 appears in current assessed amounts.
3. **HEALTH — 36 samples:** Occupational health samples 17 coal dust; 19 noise. 0 personal-sample rows have a published C/E ratio above 1; 12 noise rows have an action-level or PEL dose above 100%. These are separate measures, not a silica exceedance count. Silica results and sample status are shown separately.
4. **PRODUCTION — 0 tons:** Quarterly production and employment 3K employee hours and 12 summed average employees across reported subunits in the latest published quarter.
5. **LEGAL — 16 linked rows:** Contests, conferences and decisions 0 contested-violation rows, 5 civil-penalty docket/decision rows, and 11 conference records linked by issuance number.
6. **CONTRACTORS — 7 linked entities:** Contractors Contractors are linked through this mine’s violation or accident records. Their production and hours cover all their operations, so they are not included in this mine’s totals.
7. **INSPECTIONS — 0 since 2021:** Inspections 18 inspection events and 507 published inspection hours across the historical record.

## EIA annual operating context

No matched record in the 2024 EIA coal-public workbook. This may be inapplicable for a non-coal operation.

## Recent Title 30 crosswalk

Snapshot current through 2026-08-19.

- **30 CFR 77.404 — Machinery and equipment; operation and maintenance.** (7 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.404
- **30 CFR 77.1110 — Examination and maintenance of firefighting equipment.** (3 retained recent rows) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1110
- **30 CFR 77.1109 — Quantity and location of firefighting equipment.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1109
- **30 CFR 77.1605 — Loading and haulage equipment; installations.** (1 retained recent row) — https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-Q/section-77.1605

## Source coverage

- **Accident, Injuries, and Illnesses:** 6 rows; 2002-09-25 through 2004-01-20; source ID `msha-accidents`
- **Addresses of Record:** 1 rows; 2004-06-19 through 2004-06-19; source ID `msha-addresses`
- **Assessed Violations:** 88 rows; 2002-09-05 through 2004-03-18; source ID `msha-assessed-violations`
- **Civil Penalty Dockets and Decisions:** 5 rows; 2004-10-13 through 2004-10-14; source ID `msha-civil-penalty-dockets-decisions`
- **Coal Dust Samples:** 17 rows; 2002-09-10 through 2003-09-16; source ID `msha-coal-dust-samples`
- **Conferences:** 11 rows; 2003-04-03 through 2003-04-03; source ID `msha-conferences`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 218 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-quarterly`
- **Contractor Employment and Production — Yearly:** 47 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-contractor-production-yearly`
- **Controller and Operator History:** 3 rows; 1995-10-01 through 2002-06-03; source ID `msha-controller-operator-history`
- **Inspections:** 18 rows; 2002-06-20 through 2004-06-03; source ID `msha-inspections`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Quarterly:** 13 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-quarterly`
- **Mine Employment and Production — Yearly:** 5 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mine-production-yearly`
- **Mines:** 1 rows; unknown through unknown; source ID `msha-mines`
- **Noise Samples:** 19 rows; 2002-09-09 through 2003-09-15; source ID `msha-noise-samples`
- **Violations:** 89 rows; 2002-09-05 through 2004-03-18; source ID `msha-violations`

## Caveats

- This is public-record decision support, not legal advice or an official MSHA record.
- Missing data can indicate no event, publication delay, an unresolved identity, or inapplicability.
- Contractor production data is entity-level and is not attributed to this mine.

## Alternate representations

- HTML: `/mines/k-3-surface-mine-1517718`
- JSON: `/api/v1/mines/k-3-surface-mine-1517718`
- Silica records, units, sample status and quarterly means: `/api/v1/mines/1517718/silica` (snapshot year by default; `?year=all` for history; `&format=csv` for all matching rows)
- Relationship JSON: `/api/v1/mines/1517718/relationships`
- MCP resource: `mine://1517718/assessment`
- Complete Title 30 corpus: `/data/title30-sections.json`