# Relationship history for MSHA mine 5400473

Current hierarchy: **MAPEI SPA → Mapei Caribe → Caribe Sand**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Caribbean Sand Co LLC → Caribe Sand; 2008-09-01 to 2013-04-22; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** MAPEI SPA → Caribe Sand; 2008-09-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** MAPEI SPA → Caribbean Sand Co LLC; 2008-09-01 to 2013-04-22; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Mapei Caribe → Caribe Sand; 2013-04-23 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** MAPEI SPA → Caribe Sand; 2013-04-23 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** MAPEI SPA → Mapei Caribe; 2013-04-23 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history