# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4703534

Current hierarchy: **New Covia Energy LLC → FML Sand, LLC → FML Sand - Readfield**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** FTSI Services LLC → FML Sand - Readfield; 2007-05-11 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** FTS International Services, LLC → FML Sand - Readfield; 2008-05-14 to 2013-09-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** FTSI Services LLC → FTS International Services, LLC; 2008-05-14 to 2013-09-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** FML Sand, LLC → FML Sand - Readfield; 2013-09-07 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Fairmount Santrol → FML Sand - Readfield; 2013-09-07 to 2018-05-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Fairmount Santrol → FML Sand, LLC; 2013-09-07 to 2018-05-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** S C R-Sibelco Nv et al → FML Sand - Readfield; 2018-06-01 to 2020-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** S C R-Sibelco Nv et al → FML Sand, LLC; 2018-06-01 to 2020-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Covia Holdings LLC → FML Sand - Readfield; 2021-01-01 to 2024-07-10; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Covia Holdings LLC → FML Sand, LLC; 2021-01-01 to 2024-07-10; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** New Covia Energy LLC → FML Sand - Readfield; 2024-07-11 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** New Covia Energy LLC → FML Sand, LLC; 2024-07-11 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history