# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4703285

Current hierarchy: **Jerry  Fassbender → Fassbender Excavating, Inc. → Universal**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Fassbender Excavating Inc → Universal; 2001-08-22 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Jerry  Fassbender → Universal; 2001-08-22 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jerry  Fassbender → Fassbender Excavating Inc; 2001-08-22 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history