# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4703231

Current hierarchy: **David J  Rule → Rule Construction Ltd → LIPPMANN JAW #1**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Rule Construction Ltd → LIPPMANN JAW #1; 2000-03-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Kurt  Rule et al → LIPPMANN JAW #1; 2000-03-01 to 2020-06-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Kurt  Rule et al → Rule Construction Ltd; 2000-03-01 to 2020-06-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** David J  Rule → LIPPMANN JAW #1; 2020-06-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** David J  Rule → Rule Construction Ltd; 2020-06-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history