# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4702709

Current hierarchy: **Russell J  Ruffer → Rufer & Son Excavating, Inc. → Speedbowl**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Beaudin Inc → Speedbowl; 1981-03-01 to 1984-07-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Harold  Beaudin → Speedbowl; 1981-03-01 to 1984-07-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Harold  Beaudin → Beaudin Inc; 1981-03-01 to 1984-07-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Rufer & Son Excavating, Inc. → Speedbowl; 1984-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Russell J  Ruffer et al → Speedbowl; 1984-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Russell J  Ruffer et al → Rufer & Son Excavating, Inc.; 1984-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history