# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4609413

Current hierarchy: **Vic  DiGeronimo Jr → Independence Excavating Inc. → Mountaineer Sand & Gravel Quarry**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-18T09:31:49.615908+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Vic  DiGeronimo Jr et al → Mountaineer Sand & Gravel Quarry; 2002-07-03 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Independence Excavating Inc. → Mountaineer Sand & Gravel Quarry; 2011-04-14 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Vic  DiGeronimo Jr et al → Independence Excavating Inc.; 2011-04-14 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history