# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4609148

Current hierarchy: **Alpha Metallurgical Resources Inc → Mammoth Coal Co → Laurel Coalburg Tunnel Mine**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Massey Energy Company → Laurel Coalburg Tunnel Mine; 1996-02-05 to 2011-05-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Kanawha Energy Company → Laurel Coalburg Tunnel Mine; 2006-02-24 to 2007-10-07; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Massey Energy Company → Laurel Coalburg Tunnel Mine; 2006-02-24 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Massey Energy Company → Kanawha Energy Company; 2006-02-24 to 2007-10-07; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Mammoth Coal Co → Laurel Coalburg Tunnel Mine; 2007-10-08 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Massey Energy Company → Mammoth Coal Co; 2007-10-08 to 2011-05-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Laurel Coalburg Tunnel Mine; 2011-06-01 to 2016-07-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Mammoth Coal Co; 2011-06-01 to 2016-07-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Laurel Coalburg Tunnel Mine; 2016-07-26 to 2018-11-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Mammoth Coal Co; 2016-07-26 to 2018-11-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Metallurgical Resources Inc → Laurel Coalburg Tunnel Mine; 2018-11-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Metallurgical Resources Inc → Mammoth Coal Co; 2018-11-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history