# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4608981

Current hierarchy: **Douglas M  Epling → Hanover Resources LLC → Lease 1 Surface Mine**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Douglas M  Epling → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 1994-12-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Douglas M  Epling et al → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 2000-03-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** James M  Smith → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 2002-01-01 to 2006-02-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Millennium Technical Services → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 2002-12-23 to 2003-01-19; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** James M  Smith → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 2002-12-23 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James M  Smith → Millennium Technical Services; 2002-12-23 to 2003-01-19; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Siata Equipment Company → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 2003-01-20 to 2003-01-27; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James M  Smith → Siata Equipment Company; 2003-01-20 to 2003-01-27; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Mountain Edge Mining Incorporated → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 2003-01-28 to 2003-12-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Douglas M  Epling → Mountain Edge Mining Incorporated; 2003-01-28 to 2003-12-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Hanover Resources LLC → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 2003-12-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Douglas M  Epling et al → Hanover Resources LLC; 2003-12-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Parkstone Energy LLC → Lease 1 Surface Mine; 2006-02-17 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Parkstone Energy LLC → Siata Equipment Company; 2006-02-17 to 2003-01-27; source msha-controller-operator-history