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Defaults to the snapshot year; use year=all for history."},"externalContext":{"eia":null,"title30":{"snapshot":{"chapterCount":6,"featuredSectionCount":100,"latestAmendedOn":"2026-08-14","latestIssueDate":"2026-08-14","partCount":206,"sectionCount":5954,"upToDateAsOf":"2026-08-19"},"regulations":[{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.503","heading":"Permissible electric face equipment; maintenance.","id":"75.503","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-F/section-75.503","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"F","subpartHeading":"Subpart F—Electrical Equipment—General","text":"[Statutory Provisions]\n\nThe operator of each coal mine shall maintain in permissible condition all electric face equipment required by §§ 75.500, 75.501, 75.504 to be permissible which is taken into or used inby the last open crosscut of any such mine.","occurrenceCount":2},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.351","heading":"Atmospheric monitoring systems.","id":"75.351","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-D/section-75.351","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"D","subpartHeading":"Subpart D—Ventilation","text":"(a) AMS operation. Whenever personnel are underground and an AMS is used to fulfill the requirements of §§ 75.323(d)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), 75.350(d), or 75.362(f), the AMS must be operating and a designated AMS operator must be on duty at a location on the surface of the mine where audible and visual signals from the AMS must be seen or heard and the AMS operator can promptly respond to these signals.\n\n(b) Designated surface location and AMS operator. When an AMS is used to comply with §§ 75.323(d)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), 75.350(d), or 75.362(f), the following requirements apply:\n\n(1) The mine operator must designate a surface location at the mine where signals from the AMS will be received and two-way voice communication is maintained with each working section, with areas where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed, and with other areas designated in the approved emergency evacuation and firefighting program of instruction (§ 75.1502).\n\n(2) The mine operator must designate an AMS operator to monitor and promptly respond to all AMS signals. The AMS operator must have as a primary duty the responsibility to monitor the malfunction, alert and alarm signals of the AMS, and to notify appropriate personnel of these signals. In the event of an emergency, the sole responsibility of the AMS operator shall be to respond to the emergency.\n\n(3) A map or schematic must be provided at the designated surface location that shows the locations and type of AMS sensor at each location, and the intended air flow direction at these locations. This map or schematic must be updated within 24 hours of any change in this information.\n\n(4) The names of the designated AMS operators and other appropriate personnel, including the designated person responsible for initiating an emergency mine evacuation under § 75.1501, and the method to contact these persons, must be provided at the designated surface location.\n\n(c) Minimum operating requirements. AMSs used to comply with §§ 75.323(d)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), 75.350(d), or 75.362(f) must:\n\n(1) Automatically provide visual and audible signals at the designated surface location for any interruption of circuit continuity and any electrical malfunction of the system. These signals must be of sufficient magnitude to be seen or heard by the AMS operator.\n\n(2) Automatically provide visual and audible signals at the designated surface location when the carbon monoxide concentration or methane concentration at any sensor reaches the alert level as specified in § 75.351(i). These signals must be of sufficient magnitude to be seen or heard by the AMS operator.\n\n(3) Automatically provide visual and audible signals at the designated surface location distinguishable from alert signals when the carbon monoxide, smoke, or methane concentration at any sensor reaches the alarm level as specified in § 75.351(i). These signals must be of sufficient magnitude to be seen or heard by the AMS operator.\n\n(4) Automatically provide visual and audible signals at all affected working sections and at all affected areas where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed when the carbon monoxide, smoke, or methane concentration at any sensor reaches the alarm level as specified in § 75.351(i). These signals must be of sufficient magnitude to be seen or heard by miners working at these locations. Methane signals must be distinguishable from other signals.\n\n(5) Automatically provide visual and audible signals at other locations as specified in Mine Emergency Evacuation and Firefighting Program of Instruction (§ 75.1502) when the carbon monoxide, smoke, or methane concentration at any sensor reaches the alarm level as specified in § 75.351(i). These signals must be seen or heard by miners working at these locations. Methane alarms must be distinguishable from other signals.\n\n(6) Identify at the designated surface location the operational status of all sensors.\n\n(7) Automatically provide visual and audible alarm signals at the designated surface location, at all affected working sections, and at all affected areas where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed when the carbon monoxide level at any two consecutive sensors alert at the same time. These signals must be seen or heard by the AMS operator and miners working at these locations.\n\n(d) Location and installation of AMS sensors. (1) All AMS sensors, as specified in §§ 75.351(e) through 75.351(h), must be located such that measurements are representative of the mine atmosphere in these locations.\n\n(2) Carbon monoxide or smoke sensors must be installed near the center in the upper third of the entry, in a location that does not expose personnel working on the system to unsafe conditions. Sensors must not be located in abnormally high areas or in other locations where air flow patterns do not permit products of combustion to be carried to the sensors.\n\n(3) Methane sensors must be installed near the center of the entry, at least 12 inches from the roof, ribs, and floor, in a location that would not expose personnel working on the system to unsafe conditions.\n\n(e) Location of sensors-belt air course. (1) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section, any AMS used to monitor belt air courses under § 75.350(b) must have approved sensors to monitor for carbon monoxide at the following locations:\n\n(i) At or near the working section belt tailpiece in the air stream ventilating the belt entry. In longwall mining systems the sensor must be located upwind in the belt entry at a distance no greater than 150 feet from the mixing point where intake air is mixed with the belt air at or near the tailpiece;\n\n(ii) No more than 50 feet upwind from the point where the belt air course is combined with another air course or splits into multiple air courses;\n\n(iii) At intervals not to exceed 1,000 feet along each belt entry. However, in areas along each belt entry where air velocities are between 50 and 100 feet per minute, spacing of sensors must not exceed 500 feet. In areas along each belt entry where air velocities are less than 50 feet per minute, the sensor spacing must not exceed 350 feet;\n\n(iv) Not more than 100 feet downwind of each belt drive unit, each tailpiece, transfer point, and each belt take-up. If the belt drive, tailpiece, and/or take-up for a single transfer point are installed together in the same air course, and the distance between the units is less than 100 feet, they may be monitored with one sensor downwind of the last component. If the distance between the units exceeds 100 feet, additional sensors are required downwind of each belt drive unit, each tailpiece, transfer point, and each belt take-up; and\n\n(v) At other locations in any entry that is part of the belt air course as required and specified in the mine ventilation plan.\n\n(2) Smoke sensors must be installed to monitor the belt entry under § 75.350(b) at the following locations:\n\n(i) At or near the working section belt tailpiece in the air stream ventilating the belt entry. In longwall mining systems the sensor must be located upwind in the belt entry at a distance no greater than 150 feet from the mixing point where intake air is mixed with the belt air at or near the tailpiece;\n\n(ii) Not more than 100 feet downwind of each belt drive unit, each tailpiece transfer point, and each belt take-up. If the belt drive, tailpiece, and/or take-up for a single transfer point are installed together in the same air course, and the distance between the units is less than 100 feet, they may be monitored with one sensor downwind of the last component. If the distance between the units exceeds 100 feet, additional sensors are required downwind of each belt drive unit, each tailpiece, transfer point, and each belt take-up; and\n\n(iii) At intervals not to exceed 3,000 feet along each belt entry.\n\n(iv) This provision shall be effective one year after the Secretary has determined that a smoke sensor is available to reliably detect fire in underground coal mines.\n\n(f) Locations of sensors—the primary escapeway. When used to monitor the primary escapeway under § 75.350(b)(4), carbon monoxide or smoke sensors must be located in the primary escapeway within 500 feet of the working section and areas where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed. In addition, another sensor must be located within 500 feet inby the beginning of the panel. The point-feed sensor required by § 75.350(d)(1) may be used as the sensor at the beginning of the panel if it is located within 500 feet inby the beginning of the panel.\n\n(g) Location of sensors—return air splits. (1) If used to monitor return air splits under § 75.362(f), a methane sensor must be installed in the return air split between the last working place, longwall or shortwall face ventilated by that air split, and the junction of the return air split with another air split, seal, or worked out area.\n\n(2) If used to monitor a return air split under § 75.323(d)(1)(ii), the methane sensors must be installed at the following locations:\n\n(i) In the return air course opposite the section loading point, or, if exhausting auxiliary fan(s) are used, in the return air course no closer than 300 feet downwind from the fan exhaust and at a point opposite or immediately outby the section loading point; and\n\n(ii) Immediately upwind from the location where the return air split meets another air split or immediately upwind of the location where an air split is used to ventilate seals or worked-out areas.\n\n(h) Location of sensors—electrical installations. When monitoring the intake air ventilating underground transformer stations, battery charging stations, substations, rectifiers, or water pumps under § 75.340(a)(1)(ii) or § 75.340(a)(2)(ii), at least one sensor must be installed to monitor the mine atmosphere for carbon monoxide or smoke, located downwind and not greater than 50 feet from the electrical installation being monitored.\n\n(i) Establishing alert and alarm levels. An AMS installed in accordance with the following paragraphs must initiate alert and alarm signals at the specified levels, as indicated:\n\n(1) For § 75.323(d)(1)(ii) alarm at 1.5% methane.\n\n(2) For §§ 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), and 75.350(d), alert at 5 ppm carbon monoxide above the ambient level and alarm at 10 ppm carbon monoxide above the ambient level when carbon monoxide sensors are used; and alarm at a smoke optical density of 0.022 per meter when smoke sensors are used. Reduced alert and alarm settings approved by the district manager may be required for carbon monoxide sensors identified in the mine ventilation plan, § 75.371(nn).\n\n(3) For § 75.362(f), alert at 1.0% methane and alarm at 1.5% methane.\n\n(j) Establishing carbon monoxide ambient levels. Carbon monoxide ambient levels and the means to determine these levels must be approved in the mine ventilation plan (§ 75.371(hh)) for monitors installed in accordance with §§ 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), and 75.350(d).\n\n(k) Installation and maintenance. An AMS installed in accordance with §§ 75.323(d)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), 75.350(d), or 75.362(f) must be installed and maintained by personnel trained in the installation and maintenance of the system. The system must be maintained in proper operating condition.\n\n(l) Sensors. Sensors used to monitor for carbon monoxide, methane, and smoke must be either of a type listed and installed in accordance with the recommendations of a nationally recognized testing laboratory approved by the Secretary; or these sensors must be of a type, and installed in a manner, approved by the Secretary.\n\n(m) Time delays. When a demonstrated need exists, time delays may be incorporated into the AMS. These time delays must only be used to account for non-fire related carbon monoxide alert and alarm sensor signals. These time delays are limited to no more than three minutes. The use and length of any time delays, or other techniques or methods which eliminate or reduce the need for time delays, must be specified and approved in the mine ventilation plan.\n\n(n) Examination, testing, and calibration. (1) At least once each shift when belts are operated as part of a production shift, sensors used to detect carbon monoxide or smoke in accordance with §§ 75.350(b), and 75.350(d), and alarms installed in accordance with § 75.350(b) must be visually examined.\n\n(2) At least once every seven days, alarms for AMS installed in accordance with §§ 75.350(b), and 75.350(d) must be functionally tested for proper operation.\n\n(3) At intervals not to exceed 31 days—\n\n(i) Each carbon monoxide sensor installed in accordance with §§ 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), or 75.350(d) must be calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer's calibration specifications. Calibration must be done with a known concentration of carbon monoxide in air sufficient to activate the alarm;\n\n(ii) Each smoke sensor installed in accordance with §§ 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), or 75.350(d) must be functionally tested in accordance with the manufacturer's calibration specifications;\n\n(iii) Each methane sensor installed in accordance with §§ 75.323(d)(1)(ii) or 75.362(f) must be calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer's calibration specifications. Calibration must be done with a known concentration of methane in air sufficient to activate an alarm.\n\n(iv) If the alert or alarm signals will be activated during calibration of sensors, the AMS operator must be notified prior to and upon completion of calibration. The AMS operator must notify miners on affected working sections, areas where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed, or other areas designated in the approved emergency evacuation and firefighting program of instruction (§ 75.1502) when calibration will activate alarms and when calibration is completed.\n\n(4) Gases used for the testing and calibration of AMS sensors must be traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology reference standard for the specific gas. When these reference standards are not available for a specific gas, calibration gases must be traceable to an analytical standard which is prepared using a method traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Calibration gases must be within ±2.0 percent of the indicated gas concentration.\n\n(o) Recordkeeping. (1) When an AMS is used to comply with §§ 75.323(d)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(1)(ii), 75.340(a)(2)(ii), 75.350(b), 75.350(d), or 75.362(f), individuals designated by the operator must make the following records by the end of the shift in which the following event(s) occur:\n\n(i) If an alert or alarm signal occurs, a record of the date, time, location and type of sensor, and the cause for the activation.\n\n(ii) If an AMS malfunctions, a record of the date, the extent and cause of the malfunction, and the corrective action taken to return the system to proper operation.\n\n(iii) A record of the seven-day tests of alert and alarm signals; calibrations; and maintenance of the AMS must be made by the person(s) performing these actions.\n\n(2) The person entering the record must include their name, date, and signature in the record.\n\n(3) The records required by this section must be kept either in a secure book that is not susceptible to alteration, or electronically in a computer system that is secure and not susceptible to alteration. These records must be maintained separately from other records and identifiable by a title, such as the ‘AMS log.’\n\n(p) Retention period. Records must be retained for at least one year at a surface location at the mine and made available for inspection by miners and authorized representatives of the Secretary.\n\n(q) Training. (1) All AMS operators must be trained annually in the proper operation of the AMS. This training must include the following subjects:\n\n(i) Familiarity with underground mining systems;\n\n(ii) Basic atmospheric monitoring system requirements;\n\n(iii) The mine emergency evacuation and firefighting program of instruction;\n\n(iv) The mine ventilation system including planned air directions;\n\n(v) Appropriate response to alert, alarm and malfunction signals;\n\n(vi) Use of mine communication systems including emergency notification procedures; and\n\n(vii) AMS recordkeeping requirements.\n\n(2) At least once every six months, all AMS operators must travel to all working sections.\n\n(3) A record of the content of training, the person conducting the training, and the date the training was conducted, must be maintained at the mine for at least one year by the mine operator.\n\n(r) Communications. When an AMS is used to comply with § 75.350(b), a two-way voice communication system required by § 75.1600 must be installed in an entry that is separate from the entry in which the AMS is installed no later than August 2, 2004. The two-way voice communication system may be installed in the entry where the intake sensors required by §§ 75.350(b)(4) or 75.350(d)(1) are installed.\n\n[69 FR 17527, Apr. 2, 2004, as amended at 73 FR 80612, Dec. 31, 2008]","occurrenceCount":2},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.1722","heading":"Mechanical equipment guards.","id":"75.1722","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-R/section-75.1722","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"R","subpartHeading":"Subpart R—Miscellaneous","text":"(a) Gears; sprockets; chains; drive, head, tail, and takeup pulleys; flywheels; couplings, shafts; sawblades; fan inlets; and similar exposed moving machine parts which may be contacted by persons, and which may cause injury to persons shall be guarded.\n\n(b) Guards at conveyor-drive, conveyor-head, and conveyor-tail pulleys shall extend a distance sufficient to prevent a person from reaching behind the guard and becoming caught between the belt and the pulley.\n\n(c) Except when testing the machinery, guards shall be securely in place while machinery is being operated.\n\n[38 FR 4976, Feb. 23, 1973]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.1714-4","heading":"Additional self-contained self-rescuers (SCSRs).","id":"75.1714-4","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-R/section-75.1714-4","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"R","subpartHeading":"Subpart R—Miscellaneous","text":"(a) Additional SCSRs in work places. In addition to the requirements in §§ 75.1714, 75.1714-1, 75.1714-2, and 75.1714-3 of this part, the mine operator shall provide the following:\n\n(1) At least one additional SCSR, which provides protection for a period of one hour or longer, for each person at a fixed underground work location.\n\n(2) Additional SCSRs along the normal travel routes for pumpers, examiners, and other persons who do not have a fixed work location to be stored at a distance an average miner could walk in 30 minutes. The SCSR storage locations shall be determined by using one of the methods found under paragraph (c)(2) of this section.\n\n(b) Additional SCSRs on mantrips. If a mantrip or mobile equipment is used to enter or exit the mine, at least one additional SCSR, which provides protection for a period of one hour or longer, shall be available for each person who uses such transportation from portal to portal.\n\n(c) Additional SCSRs in escapeways. When each person underground cannot safely evacuate the mine within 30 minutes, the mine operator shall provide additional SCSRs stored in each required escapeway.\n\n(1) Each storage location shall contain at least one SCSR, which provides protection for a period of one hour or longer, for every person who will be inby that location.\n\n(2) Storage locations shall be spaced along each escapeway at 30-minute travel distances no greater than the distances determined by—\n\n(i) Calculating the distance an average miner walks in 30 minutes by using the time necessary for each miner in a sample of typical miners to walk a typical length of each escapeway; or\n\n(ii) Using the SCSR storage location spacing specified in the following table, except for escapeways with grades over 5 percent.\n\nAverage entry height Maximum distancebetween SCSR storage locations (in ft.) <40 in. (Crawl) 2,200 >40-<50 in. (Duck Walk) 3,300 >50-<65 in. (Walk Head Bent) 4,400 >65 in. (Walk Erect) 5,700\n\n(d) Additional SCSRs in hardened rooms. As an alternative to providing SCSR storage locations in each escapeway, the mine operator may store SCSRs in a hardened room located between adjacent escapeways.\n\n(1) The hardened room shall be designed and constructed to the same explosion force criteria as seals.\n\n(2) The hardened room shall include a means to provide independent, positive pressure ventilation from the surface during an emergency.\n\n(3) The District Manager shall approve the design and construction of hardened rooms in the ventilation plan.\n\n(4) These SCSR storage locations shall be spaced in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.\n\n(e) Storage location accessibility. All SCSRs required under this section shall be stored according to the manufacturers' instructions, in conspicuous locations readily accessible by each person in the mine.\n\n(f) Storage location signs. A sign made of reflective material with the words “SCSRs” or “SELF-RESCUERS” shall be conspicuously posted at each storage location. Direction signs made of a reflective material shall be posted leading to each storage location.\n\n[71 FR 71454, Dec. 8, 2006]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.1403","heading":"Other safeguards.","id":"75.1403","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-O/section-75.1403","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"O","subpartHeading":"Subpart O—Hoisting and Mantrips","text":"[Statutory Provisions]\n\nOther safeguards adequate, in the judgment of an authorized representative of the Secretary, to minimize hazards with respect to transportation of men and materials shall be provided.","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.400","heading":"Accumulation of combustible materials.","id":"75.400","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-E/section-75.400","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"E","subpartHeading":"Subpart E—Combustible Materials and Rock Dusting","text":"Coal dust, including float coal dust deposited on rock-dusted surfaces, loose coal, and other combustible materials, shall be cleaned up and not be permitted to accumulate in active workings, or on diesel-powered and electric equipment therein.\n\n[61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","heading":"Warning signs; smoking and open flame.","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1102","part":"77","subchapter":"O","subpart":"L","id":"77.1102","citation":"30 CFR 77.1102","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subpartHeading":"","text":null,"occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 77.208","heading":"Storage of materials.","id":"77.208","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-C/section-77.208","part":"77","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"C","subpartHeading":"Subpart C—Surface Installations","text":"(a) Materials shall be stored and stacked in a manner which minimizes stumbling or fall-of-material hazards.\n\n(b) Materials that can create hazards if accidentally liberated from their containers shall be stored in a manner that minimizes the dangers.\n\n(c) Containers holding hazardous materials must be of a type approved for such use by recognized agencies.\n\n(d) Compressed and liquid gas cylinders shall be secured in a safe manner.\n\n(e) Valves on compressed gas cylinders shall be protected by covers when being transported or stored, and by a safe location when the cylinders are in use.\n\n[36 FR 9364, May 22, 1971, as amended at 67 FR 42389, June 21, 2002]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","heading":"Training of miners assigned to a task in which they have had no previous experience; minimum courses of instruction.","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-H/part-48/subpart-A/section-48.7","part":"48","subchapter":"H","subpart":"A","id":"48.7","citation":"30 CFR 48.7","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER H—EDUCATION AND TRAINING","partHeading":"PART 48—TRAINING AND RETRAINING OF MINERS","subpartHeading":"","text":null,"occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.360","heading":"Preshift examination at fixed intervals.","id":"75.360","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-D/section-75.360","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"D","subpartHeading":"Subpart D—Ventilation","text":"(a)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, a certified person designated by the operator must make a preshift examination within 3 hours preceding the beginning of any 8-hour interval during which any person is scheduled to work or travel underground. No person other than certified examiners may enter or remain in any underground area unless a preshift examination has been completed for the established 8-hour interval. The operator must establish 8-hour intervals of time subject to the required preshift examinations.\n\n(2) Preshift examinations of areas where pumpers are scheduled to work or travel shall not be required prior to the pumper entering the areas if the pumper is a certified person and the pumper conducts an examination for hazardous conditions and violations of the mandatory health or safety standards referenced in paragraph (b)(11) of this section, tests for methane and oxygen deficiency, and determines if the air is moving in its proper direction in the area where the pumper works or travels. The examination of the area must be completed before the pumper performs any other work. A record of all hazardous conditions and violations of the mandatory health or safety standards found by the pumper shall be made and retained in accordance with § 75.363 of this part.\n\n(b) The person conducting the preshift examination shall examine for hazardous conditions and violations of the mandatory health or safety standards referenced in paragraph (b)(11) of this section, test for methane and oxygen deficiency, and determine if the air is moving in its proper direction at the following locations:\n\n(1) Roadways, travelways and track haulageways where persons are scheduled, prior to the beginning of the preshift examination, to work or travel during the oncoming shift.\n\n(2) Belt conveyors that will be used to transport persons during the oncoming shift and the entries in which these belt conveyors are located.\n\n(3) Working sections and areas where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed, if anyone is scheduled to work on the section or in the area during the oncoming shift. The scope of the examination shall include the working places, approaches to worked-out areas and ventilation controls on these sections and in these areas, and the examination shall include tests of the roof, face and rib conditions on these sections and in these areas.\n\n(4) Approaches to worked-out areas along intake air courses and at the entries used to carry air into worked-out areas if the intake air passing the approaches is used to ventilate working sections where anyone is scheduled to work during the oncoming shift. The examination of the approaches to the worked-out areas shall be made in the intake air course immediately inby and outby each entry used to carry air into the worked-out area. An examination of the entries used to carry air into the worked-out areas shall be conducted at a point immediately inby the intersection of each entry with the intake air course.\n\n(5) Seals along intake air courses where intake air passes by a seal to ventilate working sections where anyone is scheduled to work during the oncoming shift.\n\n(6)(i) Entries and rooms developed after November 15, 1992, and developed more than 2 crosscuts off an intake air course without permanent ventilation controls where intake air passes through or by these entries or rooms to reach a working section where anyone is scheduled to work during the oncoming shift; and,\n\n(ii) Entries and rooms developed after November 15, 1992, and driven more than 20 feet off an intake air course without a crosscut and without permanent ventilation controls where intake air passes through or by these entries or rooms to reach a working section where anyone is scheduled to work during the oncoming shift.\n\n(7) Areas where trolley wires or trolley feeder wires are to be or will remain energized during the oncoming shift.\n\n(8) High spots along intake air courses where methane is likely to accumulate, if equipment will be operated in the area during the shift.\n\n(9) Underground electrical installations referred to in § 75.340(a), except those pumps listed in § 75.340 (b)(2) through (b)(6), and areas where compressors subject to § 75.344 are installed if the electrical installation or compressor is or will be energized during the shift.\n\n(10) Other areas where work or travel during the oncoming shift is scheduled prior to the beginning of the preshift examination.\n\n(11) Preshift examinations shall include examinations to identify violations of the standards listed below:\n\n(i) §§ 75.202(a) and 75.220(a)(1)—roof control;\n\n(ii) §§ 75.333(h) and 75.370(a)(1)—ventilation, methane;\n\n(iii) §§ 75.400 and 75.403—accumulations of combustible materials and application of rock dust;\n\n(iv) § 75.1403—other safeguards, limited to maintenance of travelways along belt conveyors, off track haulage roadways, and track haulage, track switches, and other components for haulage;\n\n(v) § 75.1722(a)—guarding moving machine parts; and\n\n(vi) § 75.1731(a)—maintenance of belt conveyor components.\n\n(c) The person conducting the preshift examination shall determine the volume of air entering each of the following areas if anyone is scheduled to work in the areas during the oncoming shift:\n\n(1) In the last open crosscut of each set of entries or rooms on each working section and areas where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed. The last open crosscut is the crosscut in the line of pillars containing the permanent stoppings that separate the intake air courses and the return air courses.\n\n(2) On each longwall or shortwall in the intake entry or entries at the intake end of the longwall or shortwall face immediately outby the face and the velocity of air at each end of the face at the locations specified in the approved ventilation plan.\n\n(3) At the intake end of any pillar line—\n\n(i) If a single split of air is used, in the intake entry furthest from the return air course, immediately outby the first open crosscut outby the line of pillars being mined; or\n\n(ii) If a split system is used, in the intake entries of each split immediately inby the split point.\n\n(d) The person conducting the preshift examination shall check the refuge alternative for damage, the integrity of the tamper-evident seal and the mechanisms required to deploy the refuge alternative, and the ready availability of compressed oxygen and air.\n\n(e) The district manager may require the operator to examine other areas of the mine or examine for other hazards and violations of other mandatory health or safety standards found during the preshift examination.\n\n(f) Certification. At each working place examined, the person doing the preshift examination shall certify by initials, date, and the time, that the examination was made. In areas required to be examined outby a working section, the certified person shall certify by initials, date, and the time at enough locations to show that the entire area has been examined.\n\n(g) Recordkeeping. A record of the results of each preshift examination, including a record of hazardous conditions and violations of the nine mandatory health or safety standards and their locations found by the examiner during each examination, and of the results and locations of air and methane measurements, shall be made on the surface before any persons, other than certified persons conducting examinations required by this subpart, enter any underground area of the mine. The results of methane tests shall be recorded as the percentage of methane measured by the examiner. The record shall be made by the certified person who made the examination or by a person designated by the operator. If the record is made by someone other than the examiner, the examiner shall verify the record by initials and date by or at the end of the shift for which the examination was made. A record shall also be made by a certified person of the action taken to correct hazardous conditions and violations of mandatory health or safety standards found during the preshift examination. All preshift and corrective action records shall be countersigned by the mine foreman or equivalent mine official by the end of the mine foreman's or equivalent mine official's next regularly scheduled working shift. The records required by this section shall be made in a secure book that is not susceptible to alteration or electronically in a computer system so as to be secure and not susceptible to alteration.\n\n(h) Retention period. Records shall be retained at a surface location at the mine for at least 1 year and shall be made available for inspection by authorized representatives of the Secretary and the representative of miners.\n\n[61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996, as amended at 61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996; 62 FR 35085, June 30, 1997; 64 FR 45170, Aug. 19, 1999; 73 FR 80697, Dec. 31, 2008; 77 FR 20714, Apr. 6, 2012]","occurrenceCount":1}],"fullCorpus":"/data/title30-sections.json"}}},"meta":{"representation":"json","mineId":"4608942","dataSource":"postgres","snapshotId":"2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00","completedAt":"2026-10-13T11:26:59.401Z","sourceCount":20,"totalRows":17906804}}