# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4608701

Current hierarchy: **Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Pioneer Mining, Inc. → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Pioneer Mining Inc → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine; 1998-03-01 to 2000-08-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Rag Aktiengesellschaft → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine; 1998-03-01 to 2004-07-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Rag Aktiengesellschaft → Pioneer Mining Inc; 1998-03-01 to 2000-08-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Dennis G  Cook → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine; 2000-05-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** P I T A Mining Inc → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine; 2000-08-21 to 2002-01-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Dennis G  Cook → P I T A Mining Inc; 2000-08-21 to 2002-01-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Pioneer Mining, Inc. → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine; 2002-01-03 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Rag Aktiengesellschaft → Pioneer Mining, Inc.; 2002-01-03 to 2004-07-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Foundation Coal Corporation → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine; 2004-07-30 to 2009-07-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Foundation Coal Corporation → Pioneer Mining Inc; 2004-07-30 to 2000-08-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Foundation Coal Corporation → Pioneer Mining, Inc.; 2004-07-30 to 2009-07-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine; 2009-07-31 to 2016-07-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Pioneer Mining Inc; 2009-07-31 to 2000-08-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Pioneer Mining, Inc.; 2009-07-31 to 2016-07-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Muddy Bridge Branch No. 1 Mine; 2016-07-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Pioneer Mining Inc; 2016-07-26 to 2000-08-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Pioneer Mining, Inc.; 2016-07-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history