# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4608513

Current hierarchy: **Alpha Metallurgical Resources Inc → Spartan Mining Company → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Massey Energy Company → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 1991-12-01 to 2011-05-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Gary D  Spurlock → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 1992-10-07 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Independence Coal Company Inc → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 1995-07-01 to 1995-10-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Massey Energy Company → Independence Coal Company Inc; 1995-07-01 to 1995-10-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Copperas Coal Corp → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 1995-10-02 to 1996-05-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Gary D  Spurlock → Copperas Coal Corp; 1995-10-02 to 1996-05-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Massey Energy Company → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 1996-02-05 to 2011-05-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Independence Coal Company Incorporated → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 1996-05-06 to 2003-07-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Massey Energy Company → Independence Coal Company Incorporated; 1996-05-06 to 2003-07-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Spartan Mining Company → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 2003-07-30 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Massey Energy Company → Spartan Mining Company; 2003-07-30 to 2011-05-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 2011-06-01 to 2016-07-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Independence Coal Company Inc; 2011-06-01 to 1995-10-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Independence Coal Company Incorporated; 2011-06-01 to 2003-07-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Spartan Mining Company; 2011-06-01 to 2016-07-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 2016-07-26 to 2018-11-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Spartan Mining Company; 2016-07-26 to 2018-11-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 2016-07-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Independence Coal Company Inc; 2016-07-26 to 1995-10-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources Holdings, Inc → Independence Coal Company Incorporated; 2016-07-26 to 2003-07-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Metallurgical Resources Inc → Jack's Branch Buffalo Creek; 2018-11-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Metallurgical Resources Inc → Spartan Mining Company; 2018-11-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history