# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4608504

Current hierarchy: **Joe D  Richards → Scorpio Mining Inc → Williams No 4**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Joe D  Richards → Williams No 4; 1989-07-12 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Scorpio Mining Inc → Williams No 4; 1995-06-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Joe D  Richards → Scorpio Mining Inc; 1995-06-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history