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Defaults to the snapshot year; use year=all for history."},"externalContext":{"eia":null,"title30":{"snapshot":{"chapterCount":6,"featuredSectionCount":100,"latestAmendedOn":"2026-08-14","latestIssueDate":"2026-08-14","partCount":206,"sectionCount":5954,"upToDateAsOf":"2026-08-19"},"regulations":[{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.202","heading":"Protection from falls of roof, face and ribs.","id":"75.202","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-C/section-75.202","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"C","subpartHeading":"Subpart C—Roof Support","text":"(a) The roof, face and ribs of areas where persons work or travel shall be supported or otherwise controlled to protect persons from hazards related to falls of the roof, face or ribs and coal or rock bursts.\n\n(b) No person shall work or travel under unsupported roof unless in accordance with this subpart.","occurrenceCount":6},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.364","heading":"Weekly examination.","id":"75.364","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-D/section-75.364","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"D","subpartHeading":"Subpart D—Ventilation","text":"(a) Worked-out areas. (1) At least every 7 days, a certified person shall examine unsealed worked-out areas where no pillars have been recovered by traveling to the area of deepest penetration; measuring methane and oxygen concentrations and air quantities and making tests to determine if the air is moving in the proper direction in the area. The locations of measurement points where tests and measurements will be performed shall be included in the mine ventilation plan and shall be adequate in number and location to assure ventilation and air quality in the area. Air quantity measurements shall also be made where the air enters and leaves the worked-out area. An alternative method of evaluating the ventilation of the area may be approved in the ventilation plan.\n\n(2) At least every 7 days, a certified person shall evaluate the effectiveness of bleeder systems required by § 75.334 as follows:\n\n(i) Measurements of methane and oxygen concentrations and air quantity and a test to determine if the air is moving in its proper direction shall be made where air enters the worked-out area.\n\n(ii) Measurements of methane and oxygen concentrations and air quantity and a test to determine if the air is moving in the proper direction shall be made immediately before the air enters a return split of air.\n\n(iii) At least one entry of each set of bleeder entries used as part of a bleeder system under § 75.334 shall be traveled in its entirety. Measurements of methane and oxygen concentrations and air quantities and a test to determine if the air is moving in the proper direction shall be made at the measurement point locations specified in the mine ventilation plan to determine the effectiveness of the bleeder system.\n\n(iv) In lieu of the requirements of paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (iii) of this section, an alternative method of evaluation may be specified in the ventilation plan provided the alternative method results in proper evaluation of the effectiveness of the bleeder system.\n\n(b) Hazardous conditions and violations of mandatory health or safety standards. At least every 7 days, an examination for hazardous conditions and violations of the mandatory health or safety standards referenced in paragraph (b)(8) of this section shall be made by a certified person designated by the operator at the following locations:\n\n(1) In at least one entry of each intake air course, in its entirety, so that the entire air course is traveled.\n\n(2) In at least one entry of each return air course, in its entirety, so that the entire air course is traveled.\n\n(3) In each longwall or shortwall travelway in its entirety, so that the entire travelway is traveled.\n\n(4) At each seal along return and bleeder air courses and at each seal along intake air courses not examined under § 75.360(b)(5).\n\n(5) In each escapeway so that the entire escapeway is traveled.\n\n(6) On each working section not examined under § 75.360(b)(3) during the previous 7 days.\n\n(7) At each water pump not examined during a preshift examination conducted during the previous 7 days.\n\n(8) Weekly examinations shall include examinations to identify violations of the standards listed below:\n\n(i) §§ 75.202(a) and 75.220(a)(1)—roof control;\n\n(ii) §§ 75.333(h) and 75.370(a)(1)—ventilation, methane;\n\n(iii) §§ 75.400 and 75.403—accumulations of combustible materials and application of rock dust; and\n\n(iv) § 75.1403—maintenance of off track haulage roadways, and track haulage, track switches, and other components for haulage;\n\n(v) § 75.1722(a)—guarding moving machine parts; and\n\n(vi) § 75.1731(a)—maintenance of belt conveyor components.\n\n(c) Measurements and tests. At least every 7 days, a certified person shall—\n\n(1) Determine the volume of air entering the main intakes and in each intake split;\n\n(2) Determine the volume of air and test for methane in the last open crosscut in any pair or set of developing entries or rooms, in the return of each split of air immediately before it enters the main returns, and where the air leaves the main returns; and\n\n(3) Test for methane in the return entry nearest each set of seals immediately after the air passes the seals.\n\n(d) Hazardous conditions shall be corrected immediately. If the condition creates an imminent danger, everyone except those persons referred to in section 104(c) of the Act shall be withdrawn from the area affected to a safe area until the hazardous condition is corrected. Any violation of the nine mandatory health or safety standards found during a weekly examination shall be corrected.\n\n(e) The weekly examination may be conducted at the same time as the preshift or on-shift examinations.\n\n(f) (1) The weekly examination is not required during any 7 day period in which no one enters any underground area of the mine.\n\n(2) Except for certified persons required to make examinations, no one shall enter any underground area of the mine if a weekly examination has not been completed within the previous 7 days.\n\n(g) Certification. The person making the weekly examinations shall certify by initials, date, and the time that the examination was made. Certifications and times shall appear at enough locations to show that the entire area has been examined.\n\n(h) Recordkeeping. At the completion of any shift during which a portion of a weekly examination is conducted, a record of the results of each weekly examination, including a record of hazardous conditions and violations of the nine mandatory health or safety standards found during each examination and their locations, the corrective action taken, and the results and location of air and methane measurements, shall be made. The results of methane tests shall be recorded as the percentage of methane measured by the examiner. The record shall be made by the person making the examination or a person designated by the operator. If made by a person other than the examiner, the examiner shall verify the record by initials and date by or at the end of the shift for which the examination was made. The record shall be countersigned by the mine foreman or equivalent mine official by the end of the mine foreman's or equivalent mine official's next regularly scheduled working shift. The records required by this section shall be made in a secure book that is not susceptible to alteration or electronically in a computer system so as to be secure and not susceptible to alteration.\n\n(i) Retention period. Records shall be retained at a surface location at the mine for at least 1 year and shall be made available for inspection by authorized representatives of the Secretary and the representative of miners.\n\n[61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996, as amended at 77 FR 20715, Apr. 6, 2012]","occurrenceCount":3},{"chapter":"I","heading":"Self-rescue devices; use and location requirements.","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-R/section-75.1714-2","part":"75","subchapter":"O","subpart":"R","id":"75.1714-2","citation":"30 CFR 75.1714-2","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subpartHeading":"","text":null,"occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.1100-2","heading":"Quantity and location of firefighting equipment.","id":"75.1100-2","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-L/section-75.1100-2","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"L","subpartHeading":"Subpart L—Fire Protection","text":"(a) Working sections. (1) Each working section of coal mines producing 300 tons or more per shift shall be provided with two portable fire extinguishers and 240 pounds of rock dust in bags or other suitable containers; waterlines shall extend to each section loading point and be equipped with enough fire hose to reach each working face unless the section loading point is provided with one of the following:\n\n(i) Two portable water cars; or\n\n(ii) Two portable chemical cars; or\n\n(iii) One portable water car or one portable chemical car, and either (a) a portable foam-generating machine or (b) a portable high-pressure rock-dusting machine fitted with at least 250 feet of hose and supplied with at least 60 sacks of rock dust.\n\n(2) Each working section of coal mines producing less than 300 tons of coal per shift shall be provided with the following:\n\n(i) Two portable fire extinguishers; and\n\n(ii) 240 pounds of rock dust in bags or other suitable containers; and\n\n(iii) At least 500 gallons of water and at least three pails of 10-quart capacity; or a waterline with sufficient hose to reach the working places; or a portable water car of at least 500-gallons capacity; or a portable, all-purpose, dry-powder chemical car of at least 125-pounds capacity.\n\n(3) As an alternative to paragraph (a)(2) of this section, each working section with no electrical equipment at the face of an anthracite coal mine producing less than 300 tons of coal per shift shall be provided with the following:\n\n(i) Portable fire extinguishers containing a total capacity of at least 30 pounds of dry chemical or 15 gallons of foam and located at the entrance to the gangway at the bottom of the slope; and\n\n(ii) Portable fire extinguishers containing a total capacity of at least 20 pounds of dry chemical or 10 gallons of foam and located within 500 feet from the working face.\n\n(b) Belt conveyors. In all coal mines, waterlines shall be installed parallel to the entire length of belt conveyors and shall be equipped with firehose outlets with valves at 300-foot intervals along each belt conveyor and at tailpieces. At least 500 feet of firehose with fittings suitable for connection with each belt conveyor waterline system shall be stored at strategic locations along the belt conveyor. Waterlines may be installed in entries adjacent to the conveyor entry belt as long as the outlets project into the belt conveyor entry.\n\n(c) Haulage tracks. (1) In mines producing 300 tons of coal or more per shift waterlines shall be installed parallel to all haulage tracks using mechanized equipment in the track or adjacent entry and shall extend to the loading point of each working section. Waterlines shall be equipped with outlet valves at intervals of not more than 500 feet, and 500 feet of firehose with fittings suitable for connection with such waterlines shall be provided at strategic locations. Two portable water cars, readily available, may be used in lieu of waterlines prescribed under this paragraph.\n\n(2) In mines producing less than 300 tons of coal per shift, there shall be provided at 500-foot intervals in all main and secondary haulage roads:\n\n(i) A tank of water of at least 55-gallon capacity with at least 3 pails of not less than 10-quart capacity; or\n\n(ii) Not less than 240 pounds of bagged rock dust.\n\n(d) Transportation. Each track or off-track locomotive, self-propelled man-trip car, or personnel carrier shall be equipped with one portable fire extinguisher.\n\n(e) Electrical installations. At each electrical installation, the operator shall provide two portable fire extinguishers that have a nominal capacity of 5 pounds of dry chemical, or one extinguisher that has a nominal capacity of at least 10 pounds of dry chemical, and which have a 2-A:10-B:C or higher rating.\n\n(f) Oil storage stations. Two portable fire extinguishers and 240 pounds of rock dust, shall be provided at each permanent underground oil storage station. One portable fire extinguisher shall be provided at each working section where 25 gallons or more of oil are stored in addition to extinguishers required under paragraph (a) of this section.\n\n(g) Welding, cutting, soldering. One portable fire extinguisher or 240 pounds of rock dust shall be provided at locations where welding, cutting, or soldering with arc or flame is being done.\n\n(h) Powerlines. At each wooden door through which powerlines pass there shall be one portable fire extinguisher or 240 pounds of rock dust within 25 feet of the door on the intake air side.\n\n(i) Emergency materials. (1) At each mine producing 300 tons of coal or more per shift there shall be readily available the following materials at locations not exceeding 2 miles from each working section:\n\n1,000 board feet of brattice boards 2 rolls of brattice cloth 2 hand saws 25 pounds of 8 d nails 25 pounds of 10 d nails 25 pounds of 16 d nails 3 claw hammers 25 bags of wood fiber plaster or 10 bags of cement (or equivalent material for stoppings) 5 tons of rock dust\n\n(2) At each mine producing less than 300 tons of coal per shift the above materials shall be available at the mine, provided, however, that the emergency materials for one or more mines may be stored at a central warehouse or building supply company and such supply must be the equivalent of that required for all mines involved and within 1-hour's delivery time from each mine. This exception shall not apply where the active working sections are more than 2 miles from the surface.\n\n[35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 73 FR 53127, Sept. 15, 2008]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.380","heading":"Escapeways; bituminous and lignite mines.","id":"75.380","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-D/section-75.380","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"D","subpartHeading":"Subpart D—Ventilation","text":"(a) Except in situations addressed in § 75.381, § 75.385 and § 75.386, at least two separate and distinct travelable passageways shall be designated as escapeways and shall meet the requirements of this section.\n\n(b) (1) Escapeways shall be provided from each working section, and each area where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed, continuous to the surface escape drift opening or continuous to the escape shaft or slope facilities to the surface.\n\n(2) During equipment installation, these escapeways shall begin at the projected location for the section loading point. During equipment removal, they shall begin at the location of the last loading point.\n\n(c) The two separate and distinct escapeways required by this section shall not end at a common shaft, slope, or drift opening, except that multiple compartment shafts or slopes separated by walls constructed of noncombustible material may be used as separate and distinct passageways.\n\n(d) Each escapeway shall be—\n\n(1) Maintained in a safe condition to always assure passage of anyone, including disabled persons;\n\n(2) Clearly marked to show the route and direction of travel to the surface;\n\n(3) Maintained to at least a height of 5 feet from the mine floor to the mine roof, excluding the thickness of any roof support, except that the escapeways shall be maintained to at least the height of the coalbed, excluding the thickness of any roof support, where the coalbed is less than 5 feet. In areas of mines where escapeways pass through doors, the height may be less than 5 feet, provided that sufficient height is maintained to enable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. In areas of mines developed before November 16, 1992, where escapeways pass over or under overcasts or undercasts, the height may be less than 5 feet provided that sufficient height is maintained to enable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. When there is a need to determine whether sufficient height is provided, MSHA may require a stretcher test where 4 persons carry a miner through the area in question on a stretcher;\n\n(4) Maintained at least 6 feet wide except—\n\n(i) Where necessary supplemental roof support is installed, the escapeway shall not be less than 4 feet wide; or\n\n(ii) Where the route of travel passes through doors or other permanent ventilation controls, the escapeway shall be at least 4 feet wide to enable miners to escape quickly in an emergency, or\n\n(iii) Where the alternate escapeway passes through doors or other permanent ventilation controls or where supplemental roof support is required and sufficient width is maintained to enable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. When there is a need to determine whether sufficient width is provided, MSHA may require a stretcher test where 4 persons carry a miner through the area in question on a stretcher, or\n\n(iv) Where mobile equipment near working sections, and other equipment essential to the ongoing operation of longwall sections, is necessary during normal mining operations, such as material cars containing rock dust or roof control supplies, or is to be used for the evacuation of miners off the section in the event of an emergency. In any instance, escapeways shall be of sufficient width to enable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. When there is a need to determine whether sufficient width is provided, MSHA may require a stretcher test where 4 persons carry a miner through the area in question on a stretcher;\n\n(5) Located to follow the most direct, safe and practical route to the nearest mine opening suitable for the safe evacuation of miners; and\n\n(6) Provided with ladders, stairways, ramps, or similar facilities where the escapeways cross over obstructions.\n\n(7) Provided with a continuous, durable directional lifeline or equivalent device that shall be—\n\n(i) Installed and maintained throughout the entire length of each escapeway as defined in paragraph (b)(1) of this section;\n\n(ii) Flame-resistant in accordance with the requirements of part 18 of this chapter upon replacement of existing lifelines; but in no case later than June 15, 2009;\n\n(iii) Marked with a reflective material every 25 feet;\n\n(iv) Located in such a manner for miners to use effectively to escape;\n\n(v) Equipped with one directional indicator cone securely attached to the lifeline, signifying the route of escape, placed at intervals not exceeding 100 feet. Cones shall be installed so that the tapered section points inby;\n\n(vi) Equipped with one sphere securely attached to the lifeline at each intersection where personnel doors are installed in adjacent crosscuts;\n\n(vii) Equipped with two securely attached cones, installed consecutively with the tapered section pointing inby, to signify an attached branch line is immediately ahead.\n\n(A) A branch line leading from the lifeline to an SCSR cache will be marked with four cones with the base sections in contact to form two diamond shapes. The cones must be placed within reach of the lifeline.\n\n(B) A branch line leading from the lifeline to a refuge alternative will be marked with a rigid spiraled coil at least eight inches in length. The spiraled coil must be placed within reach of the lifeline (see Illustration 1 below).\n\n(e) Surface openings shall be adequately protected to prevent surface fires, fumes, smoke, and flood water from entering the mine.\n\n(f) Primary escapeway. (1) One escapeway that is ventilated with intake air shall be designated as the primary escapeway. The primary escapeway shall have a higher ventilation pressure than the belt entry unless the mine operator submits an alternative in the mine ventilation plan to protect the integrity of the primary escapeway, based on mine specific conditions, which is approved by the district manager.\n\n(2) Paragraphs (f)(3) through (f)(7) of this section apply as follows:\n\n(i) To all areas of a primary escapeway developed on or after November 16, 1992;\n\n(ii) Effective as of June 10, 1997, to all areas of a primary escapeway developed between March 30, 1970 and November 16, 1992; and\n\n(iii) Effective as of June 10, 1997, to all areas of the primary escapeway developed prior to March 30, 1970 where separation of the belt and trolley haulage entries from the primary escapeway existed prior to November 16, 1992.\n\n(3) The following equipment is not permitted in the primary escapeway:\n\n(i) Mobile equipment hauling coal except for hauling coal incidental to cleanup or maintenance of the primary escapeway.\n\n(ii) Compressors, except—\n\n(A) Compressors necessary to maintain the escapeway in safe, travelable condition;\n\n(B) Compressors that are components of equipment such as locomotives and rock dusting machines; and\n\n(C) Compressors of less than five horsepower.\n\n(iii) Underground transformer stations, battery charging stations, substations, and rectifiers except—\n\n(A) Where necessary to maintain the escapeway in safe, travelable condition; and\n\n(B) Battery charging stations and rectifiers and power centers with transformers that are either dry-type or contain nonflammable liquid, provided they are located on or near a working section and are moved as the section advances or retreats.\n\n(iv) Water pumps, except—\n\n(A) Water pumps necessary to maintain the escapeway in safe, travelable condition;\n\n(B) Submersible pumps;\n\n(C) Permissible pumps and associated permissible switchgear;\n\n(D) Pumps located on or near a working section that are moved as the section advances or retreats;\n\n(E) Pumps installed in anthracite mines; and\n\n(F) Small portable pumps.\n\n(4) Mobile equipment operated in the primary escapeway, except for continuous miners and as provided in paragraphs (f)(5), (f)(6), and (f)(7) of this section, shall be equipped with a fire suppression system installed according to §§ 75.1107-3 through 75.1107-16 that is—\n\n(i) Manually operated and attended continuously by a person trained in the systems function and use, or\n\n(ii) A multipurpose dry chemical type capable of both automatic and manual activation.\n\n(5) Personnel carriers and small mobile equipment designed and used only for carrying people and small hand tools may be operated in primary escapeways if—\n\n(i) The equipment is provided with a multipurpose dry chemical type fire suppression system capable of both automatic and manual activation, and the suppression system is suitable for the intended application and is listed or approved by a nationally recognized independent testing laboratory, or,\n\n(ii) Battery powered and provided with two 10 pound multipurpose dry chemical portable fire extinguishers.\n\n(6) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (f)(3)(i), mobile equipment not provided with a fire suppression system may operate in the primary escapeway if no one is inby except those persons directly engaged in using or moving the equipment.\n\n(7) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (f)(3)(i), mobile equipment designated and used only as emergency vehicles or ambulances, may be operated in the primary escapeway without fire suppression systems.\n\n(g) Except where separation of belt and trolley haulage entries from designated escapeways did not exist before November 15, 1992, and except as provided in § 75.350(c), the primary escapeway must be separated from belt and trolley haulage entries for its entire length, to and including the first connecting crosscut outby each loading point except when a greater or lesser distance for this separation is specified and approved in the mine ventilation plan and does not pose a hazard to miners.\n\n(h) Alternate escapeway. One escapeway shall be designated as the alternate escapeway. The alternate escapeway shall be separated from the primary escapeway for its entire length, except that the alternate and primary escapeways may be ventilated from a common intake air shaft or slope opening.\n\n(i) Mechanical escape facilities shall be provided and maintained for—\n\n(1) Each shaft that is part of a designated escapeway and is greater than 50 feet in depth; and\n\n(2) Each slope from the coal seam to the surface that is part of a designated escapeway and is inclined more than 9 degrees from the horizontal.\n\n(j) Within 30 minutes after mine personnel on the surface have been notified of an emergency requiring evacuation, mechanical escape facilities provided under paragraph (i) of this section shall be operational at the bottom of shaft and slope openings that are part of escapeways.\n\n(k) Except where automatically activated hoisting equipment is used, the bottom of each shaft or slope opening that is part of a designated escapeway shall be equipped with a means of signaling a surface location where a person is always on duty when anyone is underground. When the signal is activated or the evacuation of persons underground is necessary, the person shall assure that mechanical escape facilities are operational as required by paragraph (j) of this section.\n\n(l)(1) Stairways or mechanical escape facilities shall be installed in shafts that are part of the designated escapeways and that are 50 feet or less in depth, except ladders may be used in shafts that are part of the designated escapeways and that are 5 feet or less in depth.\n\n(2) Stairways shall be constructed of concrete or metal, set on an angle not to exceed 45 degrees from the horizontal, and equipped on the open side with handrails. In addition, landing platforms that are at least 2 feet by 4 feet shall be installed at intervals not to exceed 20 vertical feet on the stairways and equipped on the open side with handrails.\n\n(3) Ladders shall be constructed of metal, anchored securely, and set on an angle not to exceed 60 degrees from the horizontal.\n\n(m) A travelway designed to prevent slippage shall be provided in slope and drift openings that are part of designated escapeways, unless mechanical escape facilities are installed.\n\n[61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 20877, May 8, 1996, as amended at 61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996; 69 FR 17530, Apr. 2, 2004; 71 FR 12269, Mar. 9, 2006; 71 FR 71452, Dec. 8, 2006; 73 FR 80613, Dec. 31, 2008]","occurrenceCount":1}],"fullCorpus":"/data/title30-sections.json"}}},"meta":{"representation":"json","mineId":"4608287","dataSource":"postgres","snapshotId":"2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00","completedAt":"2026-10-13T11:26:59.401Z","sourceCount":20,"totalRows":17906804}}