# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4608137

Current hierarchy: **Kenneth D  Bowles → Coal America, Inc. → #1 Mine**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Everett  Delaney et al → #1 Mine; 1981-04-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Warren Coal Company Inc → #1 Mine; 1991-11-01 to 1993-05-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** James Wayne  Estep → #1 Mine; 1991-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James Wayne  Estep → Warren Coal Company Inc; 1991-11-01 to 1993-05-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Raymond  Cline → #1 Mine; 1992-12-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Eastern Energy Corp → #1 Mine; 1993-05-03 to 1994-07-10; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Everett  Delaney et al → Eastern Energy Corp; 1993-05-03 to 1994-07-10; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** David  Clevinger et al → Eastern Energy Corp; 1993-05-03 to 1994-07-10; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Smurfco Inc → #1 Mine; 1994-07-11 to 1996-08-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Raymond  Cline → Smurfco Inc; 1994-07-11 to 1996-08-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Candlestick Coal Company Inc → #1 Mine; 1996-08-30 to 2000-02-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Quinten  Shortridge → #1 Mine; 1996-08-30 to 2000-02-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Quinten  Shortridge → Candlestick Coal Company Inc; 1996-08-30 to 2000-02-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Eastern Energy Corp. → #1 Mine; 2000-03-01 to 2006-11-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** James E  Trent → #1 Mine; 2000-03-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James E  Trent → Eastern Energy Corp.; 2000-03-01 to 2006-11-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** James E  Trent → #1 Mine; 2003-03-14 to 2006-03-26; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Kenneth D  Bowles → #1 Mine; 2006-03-27 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Coal America, Inc. → #1 Mine; 2006-11-17 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James E  Trent → Coal America, Inc.; 2006-11-17 to 2006-03-26; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Kenneth D  Bowles → Coal America, Inc.; 2006-11-17 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history