# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4607671

Current hierarchy: **Carmen  D'Angelo → V & C Inc → Surface Pile #1**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** V & C Inc → Surface Pile #1; 1989-03-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Carmen  D'Angelo → Surface Pile #1; 1989-03-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Carmen  D'Angelo → V & C Inc; 1989-03-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history