# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4607554

Current hierarchy: **Kenneth D  Bowles → Coal America, Inc. → #2 Mine**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** David  Clevinger et al → #2 Mine; 1981-04-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Ruby Helen Coal Company Inc → #2 Mine; 1988-08-01 to 1990-03-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Justus Ruby Helen → #2 Mine; 1988-08-01 to 1994-04-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Justus Ruby Helen → Ruby Helen Coal Company Inc; 1988-08-01 to 1990-03-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Miller Coal Corp → #2 Mine; 1990-03-14 to 1993-05-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Miller Ralph → #2 Mine; 1990-03-14 to 1997-09-23; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Miller Ralph → Miller Coal Corp; 1990-03-14 to 1993-05-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** R & J Coal Inc → #2 Mine; 1993-05-03 to 1994-01-03; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Jimmy D  Dye et al → #2 Mine; 1993-05-03 to 1994-01-03; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jimmy D  Dye et al → R & J Coal Inc; 1993-05-03 to 1994-01-03; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Eastern Energy Corp → #2 Mine; 1994-01-04 to 1994-03-21; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** David  Clevinger et al → Eastern Energy Corp; 1994-01-04 to 1994-03-21; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Everett  Delaney et al → Eastern Energy Corp; 1994-01-04 to 1994-03-21; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Miller Coal Corp → #2 Mine; 1994-03-22 to 1997-09-23; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Miller Ralph → Miller Coal Corp; 1994-03-22 to 1997-09-23; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Ole Way Mining Inc → #2 Mine; 1997-09-24 to 1999-02-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Jeffrey K  Justus et al → #2 Mine; 1997-09-24 to 2004-12-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jeffrey K  Justus et al → Ole Way Mining Inc; 1997-09-24 to 1999-02-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Eastern Energy Corp → #2 Mine; 1999-02-03 to 1999-04-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Everett  Delaney et al → Eastern Energy Corp; 1999-02-03 to 1999-04-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** David  Clevinger et al → Eastern Energy Corp; 1999-02-03 to 1999-04-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Jehovah-Jireh Mining Inc → #2 Mine; 1999-04-14 to 2006-11-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Curtis  Gibson → #2 Mine; 1999-04-14 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Curtis  Gibson → Jehovah-Jireh Mining Inc; 1999-04-14 to 2006-11-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** James E  Trent → #2 Mine; 2003-03-14 to 2006-03-26; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ira M  Simpkins → #2 Mine; 2004-12-21 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ira M  Simpkins → Ole Way Mining Inc; 2004-12-21 to 1999-02-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Kenneth D  Bowles → #2 Mine; 2006-03-27 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Coal America, Inc. → #2 Mine; 2006-11-17 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James E  Trent → Coal America, Inc.; 2006-11-17 to 2006-03-26; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Kenneth D  Bowles → Coal America, Inc.; 2006-11-17 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history