# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4606348

Current hierarchy: **Carmen  D'Angelo → Coal Cave Inc → #3 Mine (Surface)**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Carmen  D'Angelo → #3 Mine (Surface); 1977-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Coalpar Of West Virginia → #3 Mine (Surface); 1981-06-01 to 1982-07-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Oliver Sergio → #3 Mine (Surface); 1981-06-01 to 1982-07-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Oliver Sergio → Coalpar Of West Virginia; 1981-06-01 to 1982-07-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Coalpar Of West Virginia Inc → #3 Mine (Surface); 1982-07-14 to 1983-11-15; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Zaun Ralph L → #3 Mine (Surface); 1982-07-14 to 1983-11-15; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Zaun Ralph L → Coalpar Of West Virginia Inc; 1982-07-14 to 1983-11-15; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Coal Cave Inc → #3 Mine (Surface); 1983-11-16 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Carmen  D'Angelo → Coal Cave Inc; 1983-11-16 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history