# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4605674

Current hierarchy: **Andrew David → P & D Coal Company Inc → P And D No 2 Surface**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Andrew David → P And D No 2 Surface; 1976-03-24 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** P & D Coal Company Inc → P And D No 2 Surface; 1977-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Andrew David → P & D Coal Company Inc; 1977-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history