# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4602054

Current hierarchy: **David  Hopkins → Avondale Coal Sales Inc → Mine No 2**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Trace Fork Coal Company → Mine No 2; 1950-01-01 to 1985-09-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Massey Energy Company → Mine No 2; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Massey Energy Company → Trace Fork Coal Company; 1950-01-01 to 1985-09-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Alpha Mining Company Inc → Mine No 2; 1985-09-09 to 1986-01-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Garlic Betty → Mine No 2; 1985-09-09 to 1986-01-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Garlic Betty → Alpha Mining Company Inc; 1985-09-09 to 1986-01-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ted  Osborne  et al → Mine No 2; 1985-09-09 to 1990-01-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Soho Coal Company Inc → Mine No 2; 1986-01-02 to 1988-05-12; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ted  Osborne  et al → Soho Coal Company Inc; 1986-01-02 to 1988-05-12; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Trinity Mining Inc → Mine No 2; 1988-05-13 to 1993-12-19; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Cline Raymond Jeffery → Mine No 2; 1988-05-13 to 1993-12-19; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Cline Raymond Jeffery → Trinity Mining Inc; 1988-05-13 to 1993-12-19; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Trinity Mining Inc → Mine No 2; 1993-12-20 to 1994-11-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Adkins Tolbert Et Al → Mine No 2; 1993-12-20 to 1994-11-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Adkins Tolbert Et Al → Trinity Mining Inc; 1993-12-20 to 1994-11-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** David  Hopkins → Mine No 2; 1994-04-20 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Avondale Coal Sales Inc → Mine No 2; 1994-11-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** David  Hopkins → Avondale Coal Sales Inc; 1994-11-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history