# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4601378

Current hierarchy: **Faine Johnny → Pemm Mining Company Inc → No 1**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Chafin Coal Company Inc → No 1; 1950-01-01 to 1980-07-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Chafin John C Sr → No 1; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Chafin John C Sr → Chafin Coal Company Inc; 1950-01-01 to 1980-07-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Spring Branch Mining Company Inc → No 1; 1980-07-15 to 1982-12-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ellis Ernie Et Al → No 1; 1980-07-15 to 1982-12-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ellis Ernie Et Al → Spring Branch Mining Company Inc; 1980-07-15 to 1982-12-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Chafin Coal Company Inc → No 1; 1982-12-15 to 1983-01-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Chafin John C Sr → Chafin Coal Company Inc; 1982-12-15 to 1983-01-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Sarahco Mining Ltd → No 1; 1983-01-31 to 1985-10-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Chafin John C Jr & Arthur B Chafin → No 1; 1983-01-31 to 1985-10-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Chafin John C Jr & Arthur B Chafin → Sarahco Mining Ltd; 1983-01-31 to 1985-10-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Spring Lick Coal Inc → No 1; 1985-10-30 to 1989-05-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Grimmett Walter R → No 1; 1985-10-30 to 1989-05-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Grimmett Walter R → Spring Lick Coal Inc; 1985-10-30 to 1989-05-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Pemm Mining Company Inc → No 1; 1989-05-15 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Faine Johnny → No 1; 1989-05-15 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Faine Johnny → Pemm Mining Company Inc; 1989-05-15 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history