# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4407193

Current hierarchy: **David  Stevenson → DaCoal Mining Inc → No 9**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** David  Stevenson → No 9; 2000-12-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → No 9; 2002-12-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Paramont Coal Company Virginia LLC → No 9; 2006-12-05 to 2007-04-24; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Paramont Coal Company Virginia LLC; 2006-12-05 to 2007-04-24; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** DaCoal Mining Inc → No 9; 2007-04-25 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** David  Stevenson → DaCoal Mining Inc; 2007-04-25 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history