# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4407009

Current hierarchy: **Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Paramont Coal Company Virginia, LLC → Black Bear #3**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Pittston Company → Black Bear #3; 1985-10-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Motivation Coal Company → Black Bear #3; 2000-09-01 to 2002-12-12; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Pittston Company → Motivation Coal Company; 2000-09-01 to 2002-12-12; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Paramont Coal Company Virginia, LLC → Black Bear #3; 2002-12-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Black Bear #3; 2002-12-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. → Paramont Coal Company Virginia, LLC; 2002-12-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history