# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4406890

Current hierarchy: **Jerry  Skeens; Eddie  Skeens → Old Dominion Energy Inc → Mine No 5**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Jerry  Skeens  et al → Mine No 5; 1981-07-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Z-Coal Company → Mine No 5; 1997-10-01 to 1998-04-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Eric D  Ball → Mine No 5; 1997-10-01 to 1998-04-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Eric D  Ball → Z-Coal Company; 1997-10-01 to 1998-04-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Old Dominion Energy Inc → Mine No 5; 1998-04-06 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jerry  Skeens  et al → Old Dominion Energy Inc; 1998-04-06 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Eddie  Skeens  et al → Old Dominion Energy Inc; 1998-04-06 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history