# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4406649

Current hierarchy: **Bill R  Simmons; Jack L  Simmons → Covenant Coal Corp → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Jack L  Simmons et al → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1981-10-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Keen Larry R → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1988-07-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Jamie Marcus Coal Company Inc → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1991-07-01 to 1992-11-15; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Keen Larry R → Jamie Marcus Coal Company Inc; 1991-07-01 to 1992-11-15; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Cavalier Mining Inc → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1992-11-16 to 1993-06-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Honaker Steve → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1992-11-16 to 1993-06-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Honaker Steve → Cavalier Mining Inc; 1992-11-16 to 1993-06-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Bill R  Simmons et al → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1993-03-12 to 1994-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Westfork Coal Corp → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1993-06-18 to 1994-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Bill R  Simmons et al → Westfork Coal Corp; 1993-06-18 to 1994-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Donna Jean Mining → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1994-11-01 to 1995-10-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Roberts Lorine → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1994-11-01 to 1995-10-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Roberts Lorine → Donna Jean Mining; 1994-11-01 to 1995-10-25; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Jackson Ronald L → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1995-08-21 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Liberty Resources Inc → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1995-10-26 to 1996-08-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Hill Mike → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1995-10-26 to 1996-08-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Hill Mike → Liberty Resources Inc; 1995-10-26 to 1996-08-29; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Canada Coal Corp → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1996-08-30 to 1998-03-21; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jackson Ronald L → Canada Coal Corp; 1996-08-30 to 1998-03-21; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Covenant Coal Corp → Covenant Coal Corp Lower Seaboard E; 1998-03-22 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jack L  Simmons et al → Covenant Coal Corp; 1998-03-22 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Bill R  Simmons et al → Covenant Coal Corp; 1998-03-22 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history