# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4405979

Current hierarchy: **Samuel  Ring → R & R Enterprises Inc → Tipple 1 & 2**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Reedy Coal Company Inc → Tipple 1 & 2; 1983-03-01 to 1984-04-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Eddie Joe  Estep → Tipple 1 & 2; 1983-03-01 to 1984-04-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Eddie Joe  Estep → Reedy Coal Company Inc; 1983-03-01 to 1984-04-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Reedy Coal Company Inc → Tipple 1 & 2; 1984-05-01 to 2000-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ralph  Ring Jr → Tipple 1 & 2; 1984-05-01 to 2000-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ralph  Ring Jr → Reedy Coal Company Inc; 1984-05-01 to 2000-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** R & R Enterprises Inc → Tipple 1 & 2; 2001-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Samuel  Ring → Tipple 1 & 2; 2001-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Samuel  Ring → R & R Enterprises Inc; 2001-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history