# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4404502

Current hierarchy: **Charles S  Luck IV → Luck Stone Corporation → Caroline Plant**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Charles S  Luck IV  et al → Caroline Plant; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Smith Sand & Gravel Inc → Caroline Plant; 1950-01-01 to 1998-12-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** M A  Smith Jr → Caroline Plant; 1950-01-01 to 1998-12-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** M A  Smith Jr → Smith Sand & Gravel Inc; 1950-01-01 to 1998-12-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Luck Stone Corporation → Caroline Plant; 1998-12-02 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Charles S  Luck IV  et al → Luck Stone Corporation; 1998-12-02 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history