# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4403449

Current hierarchy: **Epting-Ballenger Corp → Black Energy Mining Co → No 4 Strip**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Ben Mining Company → No 4 Strip; 1950-01-01 to 1977-04-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Rowe G T Et Al → No 4 Strip; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Rowe G T Et Al → Ben Mining Company; 1950-01-01 to 1977-04-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Epting-Ballenger Corp → No 4 Strip; 1975-02-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Black Energy Mining Co → No 4 Strip; 1977-04-18 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Epting-Ballenger Corp → Black Energy Mining Co; 1977-04-18 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history