# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4300529

Current hierarchy: **Andre  Le Duc → Leduc & Many Inc → LEDUC & MANY INC.**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Leduc & Many Inc → LEDUC & MANY INC.; 1999-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Andre  Le Duc → LEDUC & MANY INC.; 1999-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Andre  Le Duc → Leduc & Many Inc; 1999-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history