# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4201145

Current hierarchy: **Chris D  Carling; Benner D  Carling → Carling and Company → Carling & Company**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Carling and Company → Carling & Company; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Benner D  Carling et al → Carling & Company; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Benner D  Carling et al → Carling and Company; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Chris D  Carling  et al → Carling and Company; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history