# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4105402

Current hierarchy: **Victor J  Hirsch III → Primal Crushing LLC → Bruce**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Victor J  Hirsch III → Bruce; 2015-12-14 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Primal Crushing LLC → Bruce; 2018-11-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Victor J  Hirsch III → Primal Crushing LLC; 2018-11-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history