# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4104511

Current hierarchy: **Bernardo  Espinoza → JB Stone llc → 118 lueders llc**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Michael D  Arnold → 118 lueders llc; 2003-03-06 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Arnold Stone Inc → 118 lueders llc; 2004-12-01 to 2005-08-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Michael D  Arnold → Arnold Stone Inc; 2004-12-01 to 2005-08-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Unger Texas Stone → 118 lueders llc; 2005-09-01 to 2009-11-04; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ervin E  Unger → 118 lueders llc; 2005-09-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ervin E  Unger → Unger Texas Stone; 2005-09-01 to 2009-11-04; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Unger Texas Stone → 118 lueders llc; 2009-11-05 to 2025-10-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Unger Management Company LLC et al → 118 lueders llc; 2009-11-05 to 2013-08-18; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Unger Management Company LLC et al → Unger Texas Stone; 2009-11-05 to 2013-08-18; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ervin  Unger et al → Unger Texas Stone; 2009-11-05 to 2013-08-18; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Shelia M  Unger → 118 lueders llc; 2013-08-19 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Shelia M  Unger → Unger Texas Stone; 2013-08-19 to 2025-10-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** JB Stone llc → 118 lueders llc; 2025-10-06 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Bernardo  Espinoza → 118 lueders llc; 2025-10-06 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Bernardo  Espinoza → JB Stone llc; 2025-10-06 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history