# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4104439

Current hierarchy: **James  Carney → Carney Enterprises → Hickman Pit**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** James  Carney → Hickman Pit; 2002-04-24 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Carney Enterprises → Hickman Pit; 2003-09-03 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James  Carney → Carney Enterprises; 2003-09-03 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history