# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4103922

Current hierarchy: **Rob  Newsom → PDSCo INC → Cowboy Mining Co**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** PDSCo Inc → Cowboy Mining Co; 1996-10-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Robert G Ryan → Cowboy Mining Co; 1996-10-01 to 2009-02-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Robert G Ryan → PDSCo Inc; 1996-10-01 to 2009-02-02; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Rob  Newsom → Cowboy Mining Co; 2009-02-03 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Rob  Newsom → PDSCo Inc; 2009-02-03 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history