# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4103877

Current hierarchy: **Ryan  Mays → El Prado Stone, LP → Schkade Mines**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Schkade Mines Inc → Schkade Mines; 1995-09-01 to 2008-03-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Dennis  Schkade → Schkade Mines; 1995-09-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Dennis  Schkade → Schkade Mines Inc; 1995-09-01 to 2008-03-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Champion Stone Company LLC → Schkade Mines; 2008-04-01 to 2015-01-28; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Steve  Cole → Schkade Mines; 2008-04-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Steve  Cole → Champion Stone Company LLC; 2008-04-01 to 2015-01-28; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** El Prado Stone, LP → Schkade Mines; 2015-01-29 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Vannie  Collins et al → Schkade Mines; 2015-01-29 to 2017-04-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Vannie  Collins et al → El Prado Stone, LP; 2015-01-29 to 2017-04-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** George  Karutz et al → El Prado Stone, LP; 2015-01-29 to 2017-04-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** George  Karutz et al → Schkade Mines; 2017-04-18 to 2020-04-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** George  Karutz et al → El Prado Stone, LP; 2017-04-18 to 2020-04-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Meade  Flavin et al → El Prado Stone, LP; 2017-04-18 to 2020-04-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Craig  Leeder et al → El Prado Stone, LP; 2017-04-18 to 2020-04-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** George  Karutz et al → Schkade Mines; 2020-04-17 to 2023-02-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** George  Karutz et al → El Prado Stone, LP; 2020-04-17 to 2023-02-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Meade  Flavin et al → El Prado Stone, LP; 2020-04-17 to 2023-02-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ryan  Mays → Schkade Mines; 2023-02-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ryan  Mays → El Prado Stone, LP; 2023-02-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history