# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4103377

Current hierarchy: **Skinner Charles → Pine Island Sand Company Inc → Pine Island Sand**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Chesser Gaylon & Jim Walters → Pine Island Sand; 1985-12-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Beaumont Materials Inc → Pine Island Sand; 1986-02-01 to 1986-07-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Manning Pat → Pine Island Sand; 1986-02-01 to 1986-07-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Manning Pat → Beaumont Materials Inc; 1986-02-01 to 1986-07-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Troy Dodson Construction Company Inc → Pine Island Sand; 1986-07-07 to 1987-04-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Dodson Troy M → Pine Island Sand; 1986-07-07 to 1987-04-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Dodson Troy M → Troy Dodson Construction Company Inc; 1986-07-07 to 1987-04-20; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** C & W Enterprises → Pine Island Sand; 1987-04-21 to 1988-04-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Chesser Gaylon & Jim Walters → C & W Enterprises; 1987-04-21 to 1988-04-30; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Pine Island Sand Company Inc → Pine Island Sand; 1988-05-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Skinner Charles → Pine Island Sand; 1988-05-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Skinner Charles → Pine Island Sand Company Inc; 1988-05-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history