# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4103176

Current hierarchy: **Caudill Harold E → C & O Sand & Equipment Sales Inc → C & O Sand & Equipment Sales Co**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** C & O Sand & Equipment Sales Inc → C & O Sand & Equipment Sales Co; 1983-06-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Caudill Harold E → C & O Sand & Equipment Sales Co; 1983-06-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Caudill Harold E → C & O Sand & Equipment Sales Inc; 1983-06-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history