# Relationship history for MSHA mine 4002157

Current hierarchy: **Lindsay Paris Mac → B & D Coal Company → No 1 Tipple**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Lowe Vaughn → No 1 Tipple; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Bunch Jo Anne → No 1 Tipple; 1974-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Buffalo Coal Company Inc → No 1 Tipple; 1976-12-01 to 1980-05-26; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Lowe Vaughn → Buffalo Coal Company Inc; 1976-12-01 to 1980-05-26; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Laurel Fork Mining Company Inc → No 1 Tipple; 1980-05-27 to 1991-03-03; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Bunch Jo Anne → Laurel Fork Mining Company Inc; 1980-05-27 to 1991-03-03; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Lindsay Paris Mac → No 1 Tipple; 1987-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** B & D Coal Company → No 1 Tipple; 1991-03-04 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Lindsay Paris Mac → B & D Coal Company; 1991-03-04 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history