# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3800667

Current hierarchy: **Jeffrey  Goodman → Piedmont Sand Co → Piedmont Sand**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Jeffrey  Goodman et al → Piedmont Sand; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Cumberland Gravel & Sand Company → Piedmont Sand; 1994-05-01 to 2003-02-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jeffrey  Goodman et al → Cumberland Gravel & Sand Company; 1994-05-01 to 2003-02-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Piedmont Sand Co → Piedmont Sand; 2003-02-07 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Jeffrey  Goodman et al → Piedmont Sand; 2003-02-07 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jeffrey  Goodman et al → Piedmont Sand Co; 2003-02-07 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history