# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3609709

Current hierarchy: **David C  Klapec → Bert Klapec Inc → Klapec**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Bert Klapec Inc → Klapec; 2009-03-04 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** David C  Klapec → Klapec; 2009-03-04 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** David C  Klapec → Bert Klapec Inc; 2009-03-04 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history