# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3607541

Current hierarchy: **Ronald J  Kuperavage → Tuscarora Mines & Minerals Corp → 4 Foot Vein Slope**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Tuscarora Mines & Minerals Corp → 4 Foot Vein Slope; 1984-02-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Leonard  Zukes Sr → 4 Foot Vein Slope; 1984-02-01 to 2006-08-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Leonard  Zukes Sr → Tuscarora Mines & Minerals Corp; 1984-02-01 to 2006-08-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ronald J  Kuperavage → 4 Foot Vein Slope; 2006-09-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ronald J  Kuperavage → Tuscarora Mines & Minerals Corp; 2006-09-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history