# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3604385

Current hierarchy: **John W  Rich Jr → Waste Management & Processors Inc → Oakland Culm Bank**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** B-D Mining Company → Oakland Culm Bank; 1950-01-01 to 1985-12-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** John W  Rich (Pa) → Oakland Culm Bank; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** John W  Rich (Pa) → B-D Mining Company; 1950-01-01 to 1985-12-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Oakland Mining Company → Oakland Culm Bank; 1985-12-10 to 1989-09-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Joseph  Kleeman  et al → Oakland Culm Bank; 1985-12-10 to 1989-09-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Joseph  Kleeman  et al → Oakland Mining Company; 1985-12-10 to 1989-09-05; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** John W  Rich Jr et al → Oakland Culm Bank; 1986-05-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Gilberton Coal Company → Oakland Culm Bank; 1989-09-06 to 2000-03-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** John W  Rich (Pa) → Gilberton Coal Company; 1989-09-06 to 2000-03-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Alex N Corp → Oakland Culm Bank; 2000-04-01 to 2002-06-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Gabriel E  Nassar → Oakland Culm Bank; 2000-04-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Gabriel E  Nassar → Alex N Corp; 2000-04-01 to 2002-06-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Gilberton Coal Co → Oakland Culm Bank; 2002-06-10 to 2014-11-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** John W  Rich (Pa) → Gilberton Coal Co; 2002-06-10 to 2014-11-06; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Waste Management & Processors Inc → Oakland Culm Bank; 2014-11-07 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** John W  Rich Jr et al → Waste Management & Processors Inc; 2014-11-07 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history